{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:48:33Z","timestamp":1785419313299,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several studies have shown that infliximab and adalimumab ameliorate fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease. We investigated whether serum levels of these agents above or below a selected threshold influence fatigue severity. In this cross\u2010sectional study, we measured serum concentrations (s\u2010) of infliximab and adalimumab and corresponding anti\u2010drug antibody levels. Therapeutic thresholds were defined as s\u2010infliximab \u2265\u20095.0\u2009mg\/L and s\u2010adalimumab \u2265\u20097.0\u2009mg\/L. Disease activity was assessed using the Harvey\u2013Bradshaw Index for Crohn's disease, Partial Mayo Score for ulcerative colitis, and C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) and faecal calprotectin levels for both conditions. Fatigue was assessed with the Fatigue Visual Analog Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale, and depression was evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Depression subscale. Of 171 included patients (112 with Crohn's disease, 59 with ulcerative colitis), 66 (38.6%) were on infliximab and 105 (61.4%) were on adalimumab. Scores on the two fatigue scales were similar for serum values above versus below therapeutic thresholds for both drugs and did not differ with versus without anti\u2010drug antibodies against either drug. CRP was numerically higher with infliximab levels below versus above the threshold (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.06), whereas both CRP and faecal calprotectin were increased with adalimumab below versus above the threshold (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0242). In patients with inflammatory bowel disease on maintenance therapy, s\u2010infliximab and s\u2010adalimumab levels below or above therapeutic thresholds or the presence of anti\u2010drug antibodies did not affect fatigue severity.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> identifier: NCT02134054<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.70029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T05:45:58Z","timestamp":1745819158000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Fatigue in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: No Effect of Serum Concentrations of Infliximab, Adalimumab or Anti\u2010Drug Antibodies During Maintenance Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6669-5843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tore","family":"Grimstad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine Stavanger University Hospital  Stavanger Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6005-6394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arne","family":"Carlsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine Stavanger University Hospital  Stavanger Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Terje","family":"Kval\u00f8y","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department Stavanger University Hospital  Stavanger Norway"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Physics University of Stavanger  Stavanger Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils","family":"Bolstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David John","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Aabakken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplantation Medicine Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Knut E. 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