{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T02:53:56Z","timestamp":1781751236839,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006636","name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det f\u00f6r h\u00e4lsa, arbetsliv och v\u00e4lf\u00e4rd","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021\u201001046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\u201001046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian J Psychology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is one of the most widely used instruments for assessing mental health in children. While Swedish norms for the SDQ have previously been published for children aged 3\u20135\u2009years, percentile\u2010based cutoffs for the broader internalizing and externalizing scales are still lacking. This study aimed to extend existing Swedish SDQ norms by providing population\u2010based cutoffs for the composite internalizing and externalizing scales in preschool children. Data were derived from a large, population\u2010based sample of children aged 3\u20135\u2009years in Uppsala County, including ratings from both parents and preschool teachers. Internalizing and externalizing scores were computed by summing the relevant SDQ subscales, and percentile cutoffs were calculated by age, gender, and rater, with the 80th and 90th percentiles used to indicate borderline and abnormal levels of difficulties. Cutoff values were consistently lower in teacher ratings than in parent ratings, and across most age groups and scales girls had lower cutoff values than boys. Age variation was modest, with a general tendency towards slightly lower cutoff scores with increasing age. These new normative cutoffs extend the Swedish SDQ norms for preschoolers to include the widely used composite scales and support more comprehensive use of the SDQ in both clinical screening and research on young children's mental health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.70124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T02:32:23Z","timestamp":1781749943000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Swedish SDQ Norms for Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Preschoolers"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0136-8862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton","family":"Dahlberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Sarkadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raziye","family":"Salari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12815"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist\/4\u201318 and 1991 Profile","author":"Achenbach T. 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