{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T08:49:31Z","timestamp":1785919771353,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian J Psychology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Childhood bullying victimization experiences contribute to higher levels of loneliness in adulthood, but the mechanism underlying this relation is unclear. Potentially, individual differences in emotion regulation may underlie the relation between childhood bullying victimization and adult loneliness. The present study examined whether tendencies towards emotion suppression and rumination mediated the relation between retrospective bullying experiences and current loneliness in young adults. Undergraduate participants (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009289,\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200919.09\u2009years, SD\n                    <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20092.89\u2009years) completed self\u2010reported questionnaires to assess retrospective bullying, tendencies towards the use of emotion suppression and rumination, and loneliness. We found significant direct effects of retrospective bullying victimization on the use of emotion suppression and rumination strategies, as well as direct effects of the tendency towards emotion suppression and rumination strategies on self\u2010reported adult loneliness. We found significant indirect effects of retrospective bullying experiences in predicting increased current loneliness through greater emotion suppression and through greater rumination. These results suggest that bullying victimization may be related to individuals' use of rumination and emotion suppression and subsequent increased loneliness in young adulthood. Future research should investigate methods of promoting non\u2010avoidance based emotion regulation strategies among individuals who experienced childhood bullying victimization to disrupt negative developmental trajectories leading to adverse psychosocial outcomes such as loneliness in adulthood.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.70135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T08:19:11Z","timestamp":1785917951000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Retrospective Bullying Victimization and Loneliness in Undergraduates: Mediating Roles of Emotion Suppression and Rumination"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1842-9898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madeline A.","family":"Komar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioural Neurosciences McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristie L.","family":"Poole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Wilfrid Laurier University  Waterloo Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2739-9993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raha","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Toronto Metropolitan University  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Davids","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7954-0664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis A.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Neuroscience &amp; Behaviour McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02654075211033035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889\u2010021\u201010198\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12841"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709991383"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/trm0000162"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000727"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888\u2010017\u20101262\u2010x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2004.00675.x","article-title":"Definitional Issues in Emotion Regulation Research","volume":"75","author":"Bridges L. J.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11218\u2010020\u201009565\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11218\u2010018\u20109440\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.504"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajcp.12601"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","volume-title":"Young People's Health in Context\u2009: Health Behaviour in School\u2010Aged Children (HBSC) Study: International Report From the 2001\/2002 Survey","author":"Currie C.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000744"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.54728"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15091865"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Fostering students\u2019 emotion regulation during learning: Design and effects of a computer\u2010based video training","volume":"11","author":"Engelmann P.","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Emotional Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2012.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2016.11.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000592"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u20103514.85.2.348"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20107610.2009.02183.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20107610.2004.00218.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2022.2155468"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567\u2010020\u201000337\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964\u2010020\u201001193\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/emo0001369"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u20103514.76.4.677"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2023.2174467"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20106494.2004.00298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.13772"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.22111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21676968211051475"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1239112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001544"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286126"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579414000352"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579420001005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015760"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appdev.2016.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.12410"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745\u20106924.2008.00088.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20107610.1994.tb01229.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605211025020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20107610.2005.01445.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20108624.1990.tb02863.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2021.110974"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i02"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa6601_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.01222"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000171"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2015.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032955"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2019.101780"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014755"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.104048"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.13101401"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2164\u20104683.1997.tb00426.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.12617"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23311908.2016.1199294"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","first-page":"747","article-title":"Loneliness of University Students and Its Relationship With Self\u2010Concealment, Self\u2010Disclosure, Coping Style and Perceived Social Support","volume":"21","author":"Yu M.\u2010Z.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chinese Mental Health Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025413515405"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/sjop.70135","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/sjop.70135","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/sjop.70135","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T08:19:13Z","timestamp":1785917953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/sjop.70135"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/sjop.70135"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sjop.70135","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-5564","1467-9450"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-5564","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-9450","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"sjop.70135"}}