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This study compared the coordination between forearm muscles during gripping in individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content> and pain\u2010free controls. Intramuscular electrodes recorded myoelectric activity from extensor carpi radialis brevis\/longus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECRB<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECRL<\/jats:styled-content>), extensor digitorum communis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EDC<\/jats:styled-content>), flexor digitorum superficialis\/profundus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDS<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDP<\/jats:styled-content>), and flexor carpi radialis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FCR<\/jats:styled-content>), bilaterally, in 15 participants with unilateral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content> and 15 pain\u2010free controls. Participants performed a gripping task at 20% maximum force in four arm positions. The contribution of each muscle was expressed as a proportion of the summed electromyography of all muscles. In individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECRB<\/jats:styled-content> contributed less to total electromyography in the symptomatic arm but not the asymptomatic arm than pain\u2010free controls. The contribution of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EDC<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDP<\/jats:styled-content> to total electromyography was greater in both the symptomatic and asymptomatic arm of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content> group, than pain\u2010free controls. No other differences were observed between groups. Subtle differences in muscle activation were present with differing arm positions. These findings indicate forearm muscle activity is modified in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content>. It is unknown whether this is cause or effect. Changes in the asymptomatic side may imply involvement of central mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T05:53:17Z","timestamp":1448949197000},"page":"1382-1390","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Forearm muscle activity is modified bilaterally in unilateral lateral epicondylalgia: A case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"L. 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