{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:38:18Z","timestamp":1791509898547,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005350","name":"Centrum for Idrottsforskning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005350","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Breath\u2010hold divers train to minimize their oxygen consumption to improve their apneic performance. Dietary nitrate has been shown to reduce the oxygen cost in a variety of situations, and our aim was to study its effect on arterial oxygen saturation (SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) after dynamic apnea (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DYN<\/jats:styled-content>) performance. Fourteen healthy male apnea divers (aged 33\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011\u00a0years) received either 70 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content> of concentrated nitrate\u2010rich beetroot juice (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BR<\/jats:styled-content>) or placebo (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PL<\/jats:styled-content>) on different days. At 2.5\u00a0h after ingesting the juice, they were asked to perform 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a075\u00a0m <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DYN<\/jats:styled-content> dives in a pool with 4.5\u2010min recovery between dives. Each dive started after 2\u2010min countdown and without any warm\u2010up apneas, hyperventilation, or lung packing. SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and heart rate were measured via pulse oximetry for 90\u00a0s before and after each dive. Mean SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> nadir values after the dives were 83.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010.8% with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BR<\/jats:styled-content> and 78.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011.0% with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PL<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). At 20\u2010s post\u2010dive, mean SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was 86.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010.6% with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BR<\/jats:styled-content> and 79.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010.2% with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PL<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). In conclusion, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BR<\/jats:styled-content> juice was found to elevate SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> after 75\u2010m <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DYN<\/jats:styled-content>. These results suggest an oxygen conserving effect of dietary nitrate supplementation, which likely has a positive effect on maximal apnea performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,2]],"date-time":"2016-04-02T12:53:05Z","timestamp":1459601585000},"page":"622-626","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Dietary nitrate enhances arterial oxygen saturation after dynamic apnea"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Patrician","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Mid Sweden University \u00d6stersund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Schagatay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Mid Sweden University \u00d6stersund Sweden"},{"name":"Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre Mid Sweden University \u00d6stersund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2008.00777.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00046.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00722.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2015.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199805000-00029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00295.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"193","article-title":"Oxygen\u2010conserving effect of the diving response in the immersed human","volume":"39","author":"Bruijn R","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diving Hyperb Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210000377"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2005.00440.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02691277"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00068.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00071.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01070.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2007.01713.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1974.37.3.291"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01253.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"80","volume-title":"Mechanisms of \u201cbuccal pumping\u201d (\u201clung packing\u201d) and its pulmonary effects","author":"\u00d6rnhagen H","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"88","article-title":"Predicting performance in competitive apnoea diving. 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