{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:14:27Z","timestamp":1792181667041,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]],"date-time":"2017-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Commonly used injury risk prediction tests such as the hamstring\u2010to\u2010quadriceps (H:Q) strength ratio appear to be poor predictors of non\u2010contact injury. However, these tests are typically performed in a non\u2010fatigued state, despite accumulated fatigue being an important risk factor for both hamstring strain (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>) and anterior cruciate ligament (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACL<\/jats:styled-content>) injuries in professional soccer players. After the effect of different H:Q calculation methods were compared and contrasted, the influence of neuromuscular fatigue on the H:Q strength ratio and the association between fatigued and non\u2010fatigued ratio scores were examined. Thirty\u2010five professional soccer players performed a 30\u2010repetition isokinetic fatigue test protocol. Peak knee joint moments were computed for each repetition, and the H:Q conventional ratio (H:<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>) was calculated using several different, previously published, methods. Knee extensor and flexor moments were statistically decreased by the sixth repetition and continued to decrease until the end of the protocol. However, the H:Q ratio was statistically decreased at the end of the test due to a significant reduction in knee flexor moment (correlation between change in knee flexor moment and change in H:Q, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2248.80; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.01). Moreover, H:Q measured in fatigue (ie, H:<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>atigue<\/jats:sub>) at the end of the test was greater than H:<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> (1.25\u20101.38 vs 0.70, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.01), these variables were weakly correlated (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>=.39, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.02), and subject rankings within the cohort based on H:<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> and H:<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>atigue<\/jats:sub> were different (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>=0.25, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.15). The present data suggest that H:Q ratio measurement during a fatiguing test (H:<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>atigue<\/jats:sub>) provides different outcomes to the traditional H:<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>. The observed significant hamstring fatigue and the difference, and weak correlation, between H:<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> and H:<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>atigue<\/jats:sub> indicate that useful information might be obtained with respect to the prediction of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACL<\/jats:styled-content> injury risk. The potential predictive value of H:<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<jats:sub>F<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>atigue<\/jats:sub> warrants validation in future prospective trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]],"date-time":"2017-04-05T17:28:25Z","timestamp":1491413305000},"page":"282-293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Hamstring\u2010to\u2010quadriceps fatigue ratio offers new and different muscle function information than the conventional non\u2010fatigued ratio"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"M. D.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Research Laboratory Strength Training Research Group Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre RS Brazil"},{"name":"Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan University  Joondalup WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"Blazevich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan University  Joondalup WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. L.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Physical Activity and Human Performance group SMI Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Mil\u2010Homens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIPER Faculdade de Motricidade Humana Universidade de Lisboa  Cruz Quebrada Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. S.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Research Laboratory Strength Training Research Group Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-094573"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2002.002352"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095951"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515578836"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01705"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095359"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516629944"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658801600205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-197002010-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0268-0033(89)90044-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094747"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Developments in the use of the hamstring\/quadriceps ratio for the assessment of muscle balance","volume":"1","author":"Coombs R","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Sports Sci Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"266","article-title":"Muscle exercise after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 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