{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T07:42:35Z","timestamp":1773819755398,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FAPESP 2012\/10527-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAPESP 2012\/10527-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Disturbed shear rate (SR), characterized by increased retrograde and oscillatory SR in the brachial artery, is associated with inflammation, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and sympathetic hyperactivity. Young subjects do not have disturbed SR; however, elderly subjects do, which seems to be associated with sympathetic hyperactivity. Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) abuse in young is associated with increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). We hypothesized that AAS users might have disturbed SR. We tested the association between retrograde and oscillatory SR with MSNA. In addition, we measured the high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010CRP). We evaluated 10 male AAS users, age 27\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04\u00a0years, and 10 age\u2010matched AAS nonusers, age 29\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05\u00a0years. At rest, retrograde and oscillatory SR were evaluated by Doppler ultrasound, MSNA was measured with microneurography, and hs\u2010CRP was measured in blood sample. Flow\u2010mediated dilation (FMD) was also assessed. AAS users had higher retrograde SR (24.42\u00a0\u00b1\u00a017.25 vs 9.15\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.62\u00a0s<jats:bold><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup><\/jats:bold><jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01), oscillatory SR (0.22\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.13 vs 0.09\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.07 au <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01), and MSNA (42\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09 vs 32\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04 bursts\/100 heart beats, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.018) than nonusers. MSNA (bursts\/100 heart beats) was correlated with retrograde SR (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.50, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.050) and oscillatory SR (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.51, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.042). AAS users had higher hs\u2010CRP [1.17 (0.44\u20103.63) vs 0.29 (0.17\u20100.70) mg\/L, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.015] and decreased FMD (6.42\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.07 vs 8.28%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.53%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.035) than nonusers. In conclusion, AAS abuse is associated with retrograde and oscillatory SR which were associated with augmented sympathetic outflow. In addition, AAS seems to lead to inflammation characterized by increased hs\u2010CRP. These alterations may have the potential of increasing the early risk of atherosclerotic disease in young AAS users.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,2]],"date-time":"2018-11-02T02:43:45Z","timestamp":1541126625000},"page":"422-429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Retrograde and oscillatory shear rate in young anabolic androgenic steroid users"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8709-8706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francis Ribeiro","family":"de Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allan Robson Kluser","family":"Sales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Rodrigues","family":"Dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael Armani","family":"Porello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilherme Wesley Peixoto da","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Luiza Carrari","family":"Sayegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio Carlos Battaglia","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute (InCor) University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa Maria Rodrigues","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bone Laboratory Metabolism, Rheumatology University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liliam","family":"Takayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bone Laboratory Metabolism, Rheumatology University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiago Franco de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacoscience Department Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto 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