{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:01:20Z","timestamp":1792130480978,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]],"date-time":"2019-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007323","name":"Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Sportwissenschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZMVI1-08190114-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZMVI1-08190114-18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Considering their potential relevance for low\u2010back pain, we investigated trunk muscle strength, sagittal lumbo\u2010pelvic alignment while standing and lumbo\u2010pelvic ratio during trunk flexion in adolescent athletes with regard to the effects of age and sex. Twenty\u2010two early adolescent (EA: 13\u201015\u00a0years, 10 females) and 28 late adolescent (LA: 16\u201019\u00a0years, 14 females) high\u2010level athletes (training duration more than 12\u00a0hours per week) participated in the study. We measured trunk extension and trunk flexion moments during maximum voluntary isometric contractions using a dynamometer. Further, we examined lumbo\u2010pelvic kinematics in the upright standing position and during forward trunk bending using two 3\u2010dimensional accelerometers. Using a lineal regression model in which the flexion moment from each participant was used as predictor for the corresponding extension moment, we found higher residuals (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) in the EA compared to LA, indicating greater imbalances in the trunk muscle strength in EA. We found a higher lordosis in the upright position, greater pelvic rotation, and greater lordotic posture during the forward bending in females (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). These age\u2010related imbalances and sex\u2010related characteristics in lumbo\u2010pelvic kinematics might affect the neuromuscular control of trunk stability and the magnitude of spine loading. We recommend the implementation of specific coordination and stabilization programs for muscle groups that contribute to lumbo\u2010pelvic kinematics and training routines that support a balanced strength development within the trunk muscles in adolescent athletes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T17:36:48Z","timestamp":1560793008000},"page":"1691-1698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Trunk muscle strength and lumbo\u2010pelvic kinematics in adolescent athletes: Effects of age and sex"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4985-0335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adamantios","family":"Arampatzis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Training and Movement Sciences Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Berlin 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