{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:55:00Z","timestamp":1790787300182,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,27]],"date-time":"2019-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effect of training on hamstring flexibility has been widely assessed through the measurement of the maximal range of motion or passive torque. However, these global measures do not provide direct information on the passive muscle mechanical properties of individual muscle. This characterization is crucial to better understand the effect of interventions as selective adaptations may occur among synergist muscles. Taking advantage of shear wave elastography, we aimed to determine whether elite sport athletes exhibit different passive shear modulus of hamstring heads compared to controls. Passive shear modulus was measured on <jats:italic>semitendinosus<\/jats:italic> (ST), <jats:italic>semimembranosus<\/jats:italic> (SM), and <jats:italic>biceps femoris<\/jats:italic> (BF) using shear wave elastography with the knee flexed at 60\u00b0 and 90\u00b0, and 90\u00b0 of hip flexion. A total of 97\u00a0elite athletes from various sports including running sprint, figure skating, fencing, field hockey, taekwondo, basketball, and soccer and 12 controls were evaluated. The shear modulus measured at 60\u00b0 of knee flexion was lower in SM for figure skating (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001; <jats:italic>d\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>1.8), taekwondo (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001; <jats:italic>d\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>2.1), fencing (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.024; <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01.0), and soccer (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.011; <jats:italic>d\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.9) compared to controls, while no difference was found for athletic sprinters, field hockey, and basketball players. Shear modulus of the BF and ST muscle was not significantly different between controls and elite athletes, regardless of the sport specialization (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> values\u00a0=\u00a01). We provide evidence that the shear modulus of the SM is altered in athletes involved in elite sport practice performed over large range of motion and\/or including substantial stretching program in training content (taekwondo, figure skating, fencing, and soccer).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T18:03:40Z","timestamp":1570557820000},"page":"83-91","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Hamstring muscle elasticity differs in specialized high\u2010performance athletes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Simon","family":"Avrillon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370) French Institute of Sport (INSEP) Paris France"},{"name":"Nantes Universit\u00e9, Movement, Interactions, Performance, MIP, EA 4334 Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9664-8121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilian","family":"Lacourpaille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantes Universit\u00e9, Movement, Interactions, Performance, MIP, EA 4334 Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6432-558X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Hug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantes Universit\u00e9, Movement, Interactions, Performance, MIP, EA 4334 Nantes France"},{"name":"Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) Paris France"},{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Centre for Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health The University of Queensland Brisbane Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Le Sant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantes Universit\u00e9, Movement, Interactions, Performance, MIP, EA 4334 Nantes France"},{"name":"School of Physiotherapy, IFM3R Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department French Institute of Sport (INSEP) Paris France"},{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine du sport CHI Poissy\/St Germain Saint Germain en Laye France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Nordez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantes Universit\u00e9, Movement, Interactions, Performance, MIP, EA 4334 Nantes France"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0377-2060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ga\u00ebl","family":"Guilhem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370) French Institute of Sport (INSEP) Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-018-5265-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-0975-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.018879"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095559"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310011801"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V37N4p341","article-title":"Hamstring injuries: risk assessment and injury prevention","volume":"37","author":"Clark RA","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508315892"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-117411"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20090012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2016.1172725"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11594800-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/33\/3\/N19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2004.1295425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12272"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-016-3349-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200434070-00003"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"92","article-title":"A kinematic analysis of the jumping front\u2010leg axe\u2010kick in taekwondo","volume":"15","author":"Preuschl E","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Sports Sci Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3182a6401b"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13207"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139272"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/JES.0000000000000049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-964980"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12186"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","article-title":"Artifacts and technical restrictions in 2D shear wave elastography","author":"Bouchet P","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ultraschall Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-179060-8.50006-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2014.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12620"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2016.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2010.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00133.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318236a3d2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318033499b"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2017.1414886"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2012.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0159-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0981-7282"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12957"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1440-2440(04)80027-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-924294"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2018.1445440"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2005.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2019.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161356"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icy050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.180109"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Medicine &amp; Science in Sports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fsms.13564","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/sms.13564","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/sms.13564","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/sms.13564","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T16:45:32Z","timestamp":1694191532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/sms.13564"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,27]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/sms.13564"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sms.13564","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-7188","1600-0838"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-7188","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0838","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-09-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-10-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}