{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:27:43Z","timestamp":1792801663269,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,16]],"date-time":"2020-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>High\u2010resolution ultrasound (US) has helped to characterize the \u201ctennis leg injury\u201d (TL). However, no specific classifications with prognostic value exist. This study proposes a medial head of the gastrocnemius injury classification based on sonographic findings and relates this to the time to return to work (RTW) and return to sports (RTS) to evaluate the prognostic value of the classification. 115 subjects (64 athletes and 51 workers) were retrospectively reviewed to asses specific injury location according to medial head of the gastrocnemius anatomy (myoaponeurotic junction; gastrocnemius aponeurosis (GA), free gastrocnemius aponeurosis (FGA)), presence of intermuscular hematoma, and presence of gastrocnemius\u2010soleus asynchronous movement. Return to play (RTP; athletes) and return to work (RTW; occupational) days were recorded by the treating physician. This study proposes 5 injury types with a significant relation to RTP and RTW (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001): Type 1 (myoaponeurotic injury), type 2A (gastrocnemius aponeurosis injury with a &lt;50% affected GA width), type 2B (gastrocnemius aponeurosis with &gt;50% affected GA width), type 3 (free gastrocnemius aponeurosis (FGA) tendinous injury), and type 4 (mixed GA and FGA injury). The longest RTP\/RTW periods were associated with injuries with FGA involvement. Intermuscular hematoma and Gastrocnemius\u2010soleus asynchronous motion during dorsiflexion and plantarflexion were observed when the injury affected &gt;50% of the GA width, with or without associated FGA involvement, and this correlated with a worse prognosis. The proposed classification can be readily applied in the clinical setting although further studies on treatment options are required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,28]],"date-time":"2020-08-28T14:14:30Z","timestamp":1598624070000},"page":"2456-2465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7666-3896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carles","family":"Pedret","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Department Cl\u00ednica Diagonal Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Sports Medicine and Imaging Department Cl\u00ednica Creu Blanca Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramon","family":"Balius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Department Cl\u00ednica Diagonal Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Consell Catal\u00e0 de l\u2019Esport Generalitat de Catalunya Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Blasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic Surgery Department Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol Badalona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"D\u00e1vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedic Department Cl\u00ednica Pakea\u2014Mutualia San Sebasti\u00e1n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 F.","family":"Aramendi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedic Department Cl\u00ednica Pakea\u2014Mutualia San Sebasti\u00e1n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Masci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Exercise and Health (ISEH) London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"de la Fuente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedic Department Cl\u00ednica Pakea\u2014Mutualia San Sebasti\u00e1n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"Lawn tennis leg","volume":"2","author":"Powell RW","year":"1883","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"What is tennis leg?","volume":"116","author":"Arner O","year":"1958","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657700500505"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510395879"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2165079918786294"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091448"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-093302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0647-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210050677"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-012-1513-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2006.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2014.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2241011067"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"FC Barcelona Muscle Injuries Clinical Guide 3.0.https:\/\/muscletechnetwork.org\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/MUSCLE\u2010INJURIES\u2010CLINICAL\u2010GUIDE\u20103.0\u2010LAST\u2010VERSION.pdf;2015. 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