{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:26:44Z","timestamp":1790882804979,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]],"date-time":"2022-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the combined effects of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and prediabetes or diabetes on cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective study evaluated a population\u2010based cohort of 1562\u00a0men aged 42\u201360\u00a0years at baseline (1984\u20131989). We utilized maximal oxygen uptake (VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub>) for assessing aerobic capacity and CRF in the cohort and stratified participants into six groups according to both their glucose status (diabetes, prediabetes, or no diabetes) and whether they were below\u2010 or above\u2010median VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub>. Deaths in the cohort were recorded till December 31 2016. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality. Smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, blood pressure, cholesterol, diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, and socioeconomic status served as covariates in the mortality analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the follow\u2010up (mean 24.2\u00a0years), 341\u00a0men died from cardiovascular and 468\u00a0men from noncardiovascular causes. When compared to men with no diabetes and above\u2010median VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub>, the presence of either diabetes (HR\u00a0=\u00a04.10, 95% CI: 2.27\u20137.40) or prediabetes (HR\u00a0=\u00a02.10, 95% CI: 1.18\u20133.73) combined with below\u2010median VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub> increased the risk of cardiovascular death. Noncardiovascular mortality was increased by low oxygen uptake in men with prediabetes (HR\u00a0=\u00a02.24, 95% CI: 1.30\u20133.84), and among men with diabetes, the increase was not statistically significant (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.99, 95% CI: 0.91\u20134.32).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiorespiratory fitness modifies the risk of death related to prediabetes and diabetes. This highlights the importance of CRF assessment and interventions to support the uptake of regular physical activity among aging men with disturbed glucose metabolism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T17:06:38Z","timestamp":1643735198000},"page":"913-923","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Combined effects of maximal oxygen uptake and glucose status on mortality: The Prospective KIHD cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Sudhir","family":"Kurl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7764-5232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pirjo","family":"Hakkarainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ari","family":"Voutilainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eija","family":"L\u00f6nnroos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Global report on diabetes","author":"WHO","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2002.00835.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60484-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-1773"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i5953"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","volume-title":"Global recommendations on physical activity for health","author":"WHO","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","volume-title":"2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report","author":"2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60749-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Is there a continuing need for longitudinal epidemiologic research? 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