{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T04:18:56Z","timestamp":1790396336746,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005036","name":"Universitetet i Bergen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005036","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exercise\u2010induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and exercise\u2010induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) are the two disorders commonly considered when athletes complain of exertional dyspnea. They are highly different but often confused. We aimed to address this diagnostic challenge and its consequences in elite athletes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included all athletes competing at national or international level, referred to our institution for workup for EILO during 2013\u20132016. We diagnosed EILO from video\u2010recorded laryngoscopy performed during maximal cardiopulmonary treadmill exercise (CLE test). Symptoms and previous diagnostic evaluations were obtained from referral letters and chart reviews.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exercise\u2010induced laryngeal obstruction was diagnosed in 73\/101 referred athletes, of whom 70\/73\u00a0had moderate\/severe supraglottic obstruction and 3\/73\u00a0had primarily glottic obstruction with only minor supraglottic involvement. Of the 73 athletes with EILO, we were able to identify objective tests for asthma in 55 participants, of whom 22\u00a0had findings supporting asthma. However, 58\/73\u00a0had used asthma therapy at some time previously, with current use in 28. Only three reported that asthma medication had improved their exercise\u2010related breathing problems, two of whom with tests confirming asthma. Treatment for EILO improved breathing problems in all but four.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Objective testing verified EILO in most of the referred athletes. EILO coexisting with asthma was common, and large proportions had used asthma medication; however, few reported effect on exercise\u2010related breathing problems. Unexplained persistent exertional dyspnea must not lead to indiscriminate escalation of asthma treatment, but instead incite investigation for EILO, either as a co\u2010morbidity or as a differential diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T18:04:16Z","timestamp":1643911456000},"page":"1041-1049","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Conundrums in the breathless athlete; exercise\u2010induced laryngeal obstruction or asthma?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ida","family":"Jansrud Hammer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Halvorsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian School of Sports Sciences  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Volls\u00e6ter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Hilland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John\u2010Helge","family":"Heimdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\/Head and Neck surgery Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Surgery Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen 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