{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T22:39:58Z","timestamp":1791499198205,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2021\u2010128204OA\u2010I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021\u2010128204OA\u2010I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010801","name":"Xunta de Galicia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ED431B 2021\/28"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ED431B 2021\/28"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the present cross\u2010sectional study was to determine if chronic rock climbing and climbing\u2010specific resistance training (RT) would modify the reticulospinal tract (RST) efficacy. Sixteen healthy, elite level climbers (CL; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016, 5 F; 29.8\u2009\u00b1\u20096.7\u2009years) with 12\u2009\u00b1\u20097\u2009years of climbing and climbing\u2010specific RT experience and 15 healthy recreationally active participants (CON; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a015, 4 F; 24.6\u2009\u00b1\u20095.9\u2009years), volunteered for the study. We quantified RST efficacy by comparing the effects of a startle stimulus over reaction time (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>time<\/jats:sub>) and measured rate of force development (RFD) and surface electromyography (sEMG) in representative muscles during powerful hand grip contractions. Both groups performed two <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>time<\/jats:sub> tasks while performing rapid, powerful gripping with the right hand (Task 1) or during 3\u2010s\u2010long maximal voluntary right hand grip contractions in response to an imperative visual signal alone (V), or combined with a auditory\u2010non startle stimulus (A) or\/and startling auditory stimulus (S). We also tested the reproducibility of these responses on two separate days in CON. Intersession reliability ranged from 0.34 to 0.96 for all variables. The CL versus CON was 37% stronger (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003). The S stimulus decreased <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>time<\/jats:sub> and increased RFD and sEMG in both groups during both tasks (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>time<\/jats:sub> was similar between groups in all conditions. However, CL had a greater RFD from 50 to 100\u2009ms compared with CON only after the S stimulus in both tasks (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05, <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.85\u20130.96). The data tentatively suggest that chronic rock climbing and climbing\u2010specific RT might improve RST efficacy, by increasing RST input to the \u03b1\u2010motoneurons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T12:58:28Z","timestamp":1678885108000},"page":"1360-1372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Differences in the effects of a startle stimulus on rate of force development between resistance\u2010trained rock climbers and untrained individuals: Evidence for reticulospinal adaptations?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1064-2803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Colomer\u2010Poveda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education University of A 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