{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:21:50Z","timestamp":1790821310102,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interlimb asymmetry of strength and\/or motor coordination could limit the performance of wheelchair athletes or increase their risk of injury. Studies of interlimb asymmetry in the lower limbs have shown high between\u2010subject variability that does not depend on the side of dominance and that does not change with fatigue. Upper limb asymmetry is particularly large in manual wheelchair athletes with a lower degree of impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate interlimb asymmetry of forces developed during an upper limb Wingate anaerobic test, the effects of fatigue on force, and differences between high\u2010 and low\u2010point players.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010five wheelchair basketball players (13 females and 12 males) of male and female national French teams performed a 30s anaerobic Wingate test on an arm ergometer. Participants were classified into two functional categories, high\u2010point (classed from 3 to 4.5) and low\u2010point (classed from 1 to 2.5), according to the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation classification. Left and right arm forces were measured during the pushing and pulling phases at peak power, 10s, and the end of the 30s test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Upper limb asymmetry changed with fatigue during each phase. Force asymmetry differed between peak power, 10s and 30s, with no consistent increase or decrease. Asymmetry did not differ significantly between low\u2010 and high\u2010point players but tended to be greater in high\u2010point players. Asymmetry tended to be greater in the females, with significant differences between the males and females in the push phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inter\u2010subject variability was high, but forces were asymmetric for most participants, especially females. The Wingate anaerobic test could highlight problematic asymmetries that might impact daily life or sports performance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T08:04:12Z","timestamp":1682496252000},"page":"1473-1485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Upper limb cranking asymmetry during a Wingate anaerobic test in wheelchair basketball players"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Florian","family":"Brassart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulon  La Garde France"},{"name":"Laboratoire IMS  Pessac France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Faupin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulon  La Garde France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Hays","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISM  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3411-8571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadate","family":"Bakatchina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulon  La Garde France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Alberca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulon  La Garde France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Watelain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulon  La Garde France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Weissland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire IMS  Pessac France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2015.00086"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-10-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2008.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000003109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2020.1779335"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26603\/ijspt20200967"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MRR.0000000000000278"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001076"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2017.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2020.1767188"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2016-0379"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"IWRF.IWRF classification rules 2021.2021. 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