{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T02:00:48Z","timestamp":1747188048059,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This longitudinal study examined the relationship between flexibility\u2010activity and blood\u2010pressure (BP) change among older adults in Japan. Our study included 452 older adults who took part in our survey in both 2012\/2013 and 2017\/2018. The seated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured both at baseline and at the 5\u2009years follow\u2010up. The frequencies of the different physical activities at baseline were assessed using a questionnaire. A generalized linear mixed model was used to estimate the non\u2010standardized coefficient (B) of BP change associated with flexibility activity, after adjustments for sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, antihypertensive medication use, history of heart disease, walking time, and muscle\u2010strengthening activity as a fixed\u2010effect, and area of residence as a random\u2010effect. Higher flexibility\u2010activity frequency was significantly associated with reduced SBP (B\u2009=\u2009\u20100.77 [95% confidence intervals\u2009=\u2009\u22121.36, \u22120.18],<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>for linear trend\u2009=\u20090.01,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>for quadratic trend\u2009=\u20090.85) and DBP (\u22120.33 [\u22120.71, 0.05],<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>for linear trend\u2009=\u20090.09,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>for quadratic trend\u2009=\u20090.04). Engaging in flexibility activity for 3\u2009days per week was significantly associated with a reduction in DBP (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22124.16, 95% CI [\u22127.53, \u22120.79],<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) compared with that in the reference group (0\u2009days per week). Interaction tests were not significant between basic variables (sex, age, BMI, and antihypertensive medication) and flexibility. In conclusion, higher flexibility activity frequency was associated with a reduction in BP in older adults. Future longitudinal and interventional studies should examine the effects of flexibility activity on cardiovascular disease prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T16:34:55Z","timestamp":1683822895000},"page":"1552-1559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association between flexibility activity and blood\u2010pressure change among older adults in Japan: A 5\u2010year longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8657-4707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takafumi","family":"Abe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Community\u2010Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Head Office for Research and Academic Information Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenta","family":"Okuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Community\u2010Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Head Office for Research and Academic Information Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan"},{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research Lund University Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masamitsu","family":"Kamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Kitayuguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Medicine Research Center UNNAN Unnan Shimane Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Hamano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Community\u2010Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Head Office for Research and Academic Information Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan"},{"name":"Department of Sports Sociology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Sociology Kyoto Sangyo University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4278-2077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidefumi","family":"Waki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Juntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports Science Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Nabika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Isomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Community\u2010Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Head Office for Research and Academic Information Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan"},{"name":"Faculty of Human Sciences Shimane University Matsue Shimane Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Sundquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Community\u2010Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Head Office for Research and Academic Information Shimane University Izumo Shimane Japan"},{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research Lund University Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32008-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01330-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31145-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare of Japan.The National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan.2019. 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