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However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the positive impact of muscular strength in brain health are poorly understood. We aimed to study the association of muscular strength with neurology\u2010related circulating proteins in plasma in children with overweight\/obesity and to explore the role of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as a confounder. The participants were 86 Caucasian children (10.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1\u2009years old; 41% girls) from the ActiveBrains project. Muscular strength was measured by field and laboratory tests. CRF was assessed with an incremental treadmill test. Olink's technology was used to quantify 92 neurology\u2010related proteins in plasma. Protein\u2013protein interactions were computed using the STRING website. Muscular strength was positively associated with 12 proteins (BetaNGF, CDH6, CLEC10A, CLM1, FcRL2, HAGH, IL12, LAIR2, MSR1, SCARB2, SMOC2, and TNFRSF12A), and negatively associated with 12 proteins (CLEC1B, CTSC, CTSS, gal\u20108, GCP5, NAAA, NrCAM, NTRK2, PLXNB3, RSPO1, sFRP3, and THY1). After adjustment for CRF, muscular strength was positively associated with eight proteins (BetaNGF, CDH6, CLEC10A, FcRL2, LAIR2, MSR1, SCARB2, and TNFRSF12A) and negatively associated with two proteins (gal\u20108 and NrCAM). After applying FDR correction, only CLEC10A remained statistically significant. In conclusion, muscular strength was associated with blood circulating proteins involved in several biological processes, particularly anti\u2010inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, beta amyloid clearance, and neuronal action potential propagation. More powered studies are warranted in pediatric populations to contrast or confirm our findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T05:31:31Z","timestamp":1684215091000},"page":"1738-1751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Association of muscular strength and targeted proteomics involved in brain health in children with overweight\/obesity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7922-1647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos","family":"Olvera\u2010Rojas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS) University of Granada  Granada 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Sciences Universidad Andres Bello  Vi\u00f1a del Mar Chile"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Institute of Biosanitary Research of Granada (IBS)  Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8267-0440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Ayllon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4798-1216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angel","family":"Toval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS) University of Granada  Granada 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