{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T15:40:39Z","timestamp":1781538039034,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,2]],"date-time":"2023-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004497","name":"Onderzoeksraad, KU Leuven","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004497","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the individual triceps surae muscle forces during the execution of six different functional movements and rehabilitation exercises in patients with Achilles tendinopathy compared to a control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Triceps surae muscle forces of 15 participants with Achilles tendinopathy (AT) and 15 healthy controls were estimated through a combination of experimental data and musculo\u2010skeletal modeling. Three\u2010dimensional motion capture and force plates were used to collect the ankle and knee joint angles and moments during three functional movements (walking, heel walking, and toe walking) and three rehabilitation exercises (bilateral heel drop, unilateral heel drop with extended knee and with flexed knee). A dynamic optimization method was used to obtain the modeled triceps surae muscle forces. Force\u2010sharing strategies were calculated at the peak triceps surae muscle force and compared between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lower peak triceps surae forces were obtained for the AT group during dynamic exercises. Across all exercises, the average contribution of the soleus (SOL) to the total triceps surae muscle force was the largest (60.83\u2009\u00b1\u200913.89% [AT]\u2009&gt;\u200956.90\u2009\u00b1\u200916.18% [healthy]), followed by the gastrocnemius medialis (29.87\u2009\u00b1\u200910.67% [AT]\u2009&lt;\u200932.19\u2009\u00b1\u200912.90% [healthy]) and the gastrocnemius lateralis (9.30\u2009\u00b1\u20094.31% [AT]\u2009&lt;\u200910.91\u2009\u00b1\u20094.66% [healthy]). The triceps surae force\u2010sharing strategy was different for the toe walking, heel walking, and the bilateral and unilateral heel drop with extended knee.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provides evidence for altered triceps surae muscle force\u2010sharing strategies during dynamic tasks in patients with AT. The influence of altered muscle force\u2010sharing on the subtendon nonuniformity and\/or the tendon loading should be explored in future work.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T06:50:45Z","timestamp":1688367045000},"page":"2219-2229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Triceps surae muscle forces during dynamic exercises in patients with Achilles tendinopathy: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9679-1633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ine","family":"Mylle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Movement Science, Human Movement Biomechanics Research Group KU Leuven Leuven 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