{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T05:23:38Z","timestamp":1785907418043,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to understand the interactions between anthropometric, kinetic, and kinematic variables and how they determine the 100\u2009m freestyle performance in young swimmers. Twenty\u2010five adolescent swimmers (15 male and 10 female, aged 15.75\u2009\u00b1\u20091.01\u2009years) who regularly participated in regional and national competitions were recruited. The 100\u2009m freestyle performance was chosen as the variable to be predicted. A series of anthropometric (hand surface area\u2013HSA), kinetic (thrust and active drag coefficient (<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>DA<\/jats:sub>)), and kinematic (stroke length (SL); stroke frequency (SF), and swimming speed) variables were measured. Structural equation modeling (via path analysis) was used to develop and test the model. The initial model predicted performance with 90.1% accuracy. All paths were significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) except the thrust\u2014SL. After deleting this non\u2010significant path (thrust\u2014SL) and recalculating, the model goodness\u2010of\u2010fit improved and all paths were significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The predicted performance was 90.2%. Anthropometrics had significant effects on kinetics, which had significant effects on kinematics, and consequently on the 100\u2009m freestyle performance. The cascade of interactions based on this path\u2010flow model allowed for a meaningful prediction of the 100\u2009m freestyle performance. Based on these results, coaches and swimmers should be aware that the swimming predictors can first meaningfully interact with each other to ultimately predict the 100\u2009m freestyle performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T14:48:55Z","timestamp":1707317335000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of anthropometrics, thrust, and drag on stroke kinematics and 100\u2009m performance of young swimmers using path\u2010analysis modeling"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6885-0648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge E.","family":"Morais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a  Bragan\u00e7a Portugal"},{"name":"Research Centre for Active Living and Wellbeing (LiveWell), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a  Bragan\u00e7a Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiago M.","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a  Bragan\u00e7a Portugal"},{"name":"Research Centre for Active Living and Wellbeing (LiveWell), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a  Bragan\u00e7a Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia A.","family":"Gome\u00f1uka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de las Misiones (UCAMI)  Posadas Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Marinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences University of Beira Interior  Covilh\u00e3 Portugal"},{"name":"Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD)  Covilh\u00e3 Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14058"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2018.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.797367"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Which stroke first? 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