{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:08:00Z","timestamp":1791378480203,"version":"4.3.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008368","name":"Gigtforeningen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008368","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008392","name":"Sundhed og Sygdom, Det Frie Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osgood\u2013Schlatter disease (OSD) is the most common knee pain complaint\u00a0among adolescents playing sports. Despite this, there remains controversy over the pathophysiology and whether specific anatomical characteristics are associated with OSD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to systematically and comprehensively characterize adolescents with OSD using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to pain\u2010free controls, including both tissue abnormalities that may be associated with OSD, as well as anatomical characteristics. A secondary objective was to identify potential imaging biomarkers associated with pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescents with OSD and controls were recruited from 2020 to 2022. Following a clinical exam, demographics, pain, sports participation, and Tanner stage were collected. Knee MRI was conducted on the participants' most symptomatic knee (OSD) or the dominant leg (controls).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010seven adolescents (46 with OSD and 30 controls) were included. 80% of participants with OSD had at least one tissue alteration compared to 54% of controls. Compared to controls, OSD had 36.3 (95%CI 4.5 to 289.7) higher odds of bony oedema at the tibial tuberosity, and 32.7 (95%CI 4.1 to 260.6) and 5.3 (95%CI 0.6 to 46.2) higher odds of bony oedema at the\u00a0 tibial epiphysis and metaphysis respectively. Participants with OSD also had higher odds of fluid\/oedema at the patellar tendon (12.3 95%CI 3.3 to 46.6), and superficial infrapatellar bursitis (7.2).\u00a0 Participants with OSD had a more proximal tendon attachment (mean tibial attachment portion difference, \u22120.05, 95% CI: \u22120.1 to 0.0, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02), tendon thickness (proximal mean difference, \u22120.09, 95% CI: \u22120.4 to 0.2, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04; distal mean difference, \u22120.6, 95% CI: \u22120.9 to \u22120.2, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01). Those with bony\/tendon oedema had 1.8 points (95% CI: 0.3 to 3.2) higher pain on palpation than those without (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22122.5, df\u2009=\u200926.6, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.019), but there was no difference between these groups in a functional single leg pain provocation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescents with OSD present with tissue and structural abnormalities on MRI that differed from age\u2010matched controls. The majority had findings in the patellar tendon and bone, which often co\u2010occurred. However, a small proportion of OSD also presents without alterations. It appears these findings may be associated with clinical OSD\u2010related pain on palpation of the tibial tuberosity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our highlight the pathophysiology on imaging, which has implications for understanding the mechanism and treatment of OSD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T11:50:01Z","timestamp":1714391401000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A comprehensive <scp>MRI<\/scp> investigation to identify potential biomarkers of Osgood Schlatter disease in adolescents: A cross sectional study comparing Osgood Schlatter disease with controls"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"L. B.","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7314-2152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Holden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science University College Dublin  Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"Institute for Sport and Health University College Dublin  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. H. G.","family":"Oei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. P.","family":"Magnusson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M Institute of Sports Medicine  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Bispebjerg Hospital  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. L.","family":"Olesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for General Practice at Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. J. F.","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (NDORMS), Botnar Research Centre University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Hever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8668-691X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Lyng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Center for General Practice at Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1173-0335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. S.","family":"Rathleff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Center for General Practice at Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098418"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60366-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e328013dbea"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199505000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"315","article-title":"Roentgenologic changes in the Osgood\u2010Schlaatter lesion","volume":"121","author":"Ehrenborg G","year":"1961","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004020100285"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5792\/ksrr.2016.28.1.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.185.3.1438775"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tsm2.281"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-002-0486-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101888"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-021-05178-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/1533-4287(2003)017<0659:DLOCMW>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2021.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1998.28.2.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-010-9648-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.44.235.291"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","unstructured":"S\u00f8rensenLB HeverM WielopolskiP et\u00a0al.Development and Evaluation of a New Semi\u2010Quantitative Scoring System for Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Adolescents with Osgood Schlatter Disease.2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091471"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-993701"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211022239"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scispo.2016.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658501300404"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00360969"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2116-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506294858"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0438-0"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Medicine &amp; Science in Sports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/sms.14634","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T07:34:48Z","timestamp":1716363288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/sms.14634"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/sms.14634"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sms.14634","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-7188","1600-0838"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-7188","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0838","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e14634"}}