{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T15:16:16Z","timestamp":1784819776849,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Associations between muscle architecture and rate of force development (RFD) have been largely studied during fixed\u2010end (isometric) contractions. Fixed\u2010end contractions may, however, limit muscle shape changes and thus alter the relationship between muscle architecture an RFD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>We compared the correlation between muscle architecture and architectural gearing and knee extensor RFD when assessed during dynamic versus fixed\u2010end contractions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010two recreationally active male runners performed dynamic knee extensions at constant acceleration (2000\u00b0s<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>) and isometric contractions at a fixed knee joint angle (fixed\u2010end contractions). Torque, RFD, vastus lateralis muscle thickness, and fascicle dynamics were compared during 0\u201375 and 75\u2013150\u2009ms after contraction onset.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resting fascicle angle was moderately and positively correlated with RFD during fixed\u2010end contractions (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.42 and 0.46 from 0\u201375 and 75\u2013150\u2009ms, respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), while more strongly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) correlated with RFD during dynamic contractions (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.69 and 0.73 at 0\u201375 and 75\u2013150\u2009ms, respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Resting fascicle angle was (very) strongly correlated with architectural gearing (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.51 and 0.73 at 0\u201375\u2009ms and 0.50 and 0.70 at 75\u2013150\u2009ms; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), with gearing in turn also being moderately to strongly correlated with RFD in both contraction conditions (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.38\u20130.68).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resting fascicle angle was positively correlated with RFD, with a stronger relationship observed in dynamic than isometric contraction conditions. The stronger relationships observed during dynamic muscle actions likely result from different restrictions on the acute changes in muscle shape and architectural gearing imposed by isometric versus dynamic muscle contractions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T12:33:48Z","timestamp":1714480428000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The role of pennation angle and architectural gearing to rate of force development in dynamic and isometric muscle contractions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8163-693X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bas","family":"Van\u00a0Hooren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University 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