{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T06:49:46Z","timestamp":1771570186331,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study is to investigate the association of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular strength indicators with gray matter volume (GMV) and to study whether fitness\u2010related regions of GMV are associated to executive function (EF) in cognitively normal older adults. Ninety\u2010one cognitively normal older adults (71.69\u2009\u00b1\u20093.91\u2009years; 57.14% females) participated in this study from the AGUEDA trial. CRF was measured by a 2\u2010km walking test and a 6\u2010min walking test. Muscular strength was measured by handgrip, biceps curl, squats, and isokinetic strength tests. T1\u2010weigthed images were obtained through a magnetic resonance scan. GMV was determined by voxel\u2010based morphometric analysis. Standardized EF tests were performed. CRF did not show any positive association with GMV. Handgrip strength was positively associated with GMV (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) in nine regions (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> from 0.6 to 0.8 and <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic> from 106 to 1927) and knee extension strength in three regions (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> from 0.4 to 0.5 and <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic> from 76 to 2776). Squats strength was negatively associated with GMV (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) in two regions (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.3, <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091102 and <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009152) and the 2\u2010km walking test in one region (<jats:italic>\u03b2\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u22120.4, <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200999). Only handgrip strength\u2010related GMV was associated with cognitive flexibility (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.039, <jats:italic>\u03b2\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u20090.215) and spatial working memory (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.03, <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> 0.247\u20130.317), but not with EF score (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Muscular strength, but no CRF, may be positively related to GMV in cortical and subcortical regions, with implications for specific cognitive domains rather than the overall EF score. Specifically, handgrip strength was the indicator most associated with higher GMV, while squats strength and CRF were negatively related to GMV.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:<\/jats:bold> NCT05186090.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]],"date-time":"2024-10-19T05:04:25Z","timestamp":1729314265000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Fitness, Gray Matter Volume, and Executive Function in Cognitively Normal Older Adults: Cross\u2010Sectional Findings From the <scp>AGUEDA<\/scp> Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1249-6353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Coca\u2010Pulido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS) University of Granada  Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2493-9528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricio","family":"Solis\u2010Urra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS) University of Granada  Granada Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Education and Social Sciences Universidad Andres Bello  Vi\u00f1a del Mar Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8987-9925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Fernandez\u2010Gamez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS) University of Granada  Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7922-1647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos","family":"Olvera\u2010Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS) University of Granada  Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7289-8776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dar\u00edo","family":"Bell\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS) University of Granada  Granada 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