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This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis aimed to directly compare the effect of different frequencies of interrupting prolonged sitting on cardiometabolic health and to determine potential moderators. Randomized crossover trials with at least two frequency interruptions compared to a prolonged sitting condition were identified via systematic review. We compared the acute effects of high\u2010frequency (\u2264\u200930\u2009min per bout, HF) versus low\u2010frequency (&gt;\u200930\u2009min per bout, LF) interruption protocols on various cardiometabolic health outcomes via three\u2010level meta\u2010analysis with pooled effects evaluated within a random\u2010effects model and exploration of potential sources of heterogeneity through subgroup analyses. The quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Thirteen studies with 211 participants (24\u201366\u2009years, 41% female) were included. When comparing HF to LF condition, the HF had a significantly greater reduction in glucose (9 studies [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009740]; Hedge's <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.30, 95% CI [\u22120.57, \u22120.03], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2010level 3\u2009=\u200942%, PI [\u22121.01, 0.41]). However, there was no difference in insulin (4 studies [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009304]; Hedge's <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.22, 95% CI [\u22120.73, 0.29], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.35; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2010level 3\u2009=\u200952%, PI [\u22121.18, 0.74]), triglyceride (3 studies [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009484]; Hedge's <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.11, 95% CI [\u22120.10, 0.30], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.29; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2010level 3\u2009=\u20090%, PI [\u22120.10, 0.30]), blood pressure (5 studies [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009352]; Hedge's <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.06, 95% CI [\u22120.41, 0.28], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.69; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2010level 3\u2009=\u200935%, PI [\u22120.81, 0.62]), and superficial femoral flow\u2010mediated dilation (3 studies [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200998]; Hedge's <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.42, 95% CI [\u22122.43, 1.60], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.47; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2010level 3\u2009=\u200978%, PI [\u22124.09, 3.25]) between the two conditions. The quality of evidence was low GRADE for all outcomes. The present study suggests that a higher sedentary interruption frequency might be more efficacious than a lower frequency\/higher duration protocol for reducing glucose levels. Based on these findings, interrupting sedentary time at least, every 30\u2009min may be an ideal strategy to improve glucose control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T09:31:59Z","timestamp":1733304719000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Optimal Frequency of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting for Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis of Randomized Crossover Trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6105-8797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingyue","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Athletic Performance Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1403-4127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Athletic Performance Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7173-8490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Science (Exercise and Sport Science) University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4207-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengji","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Science (Exercise and Sport Science) University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3529-7994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhili","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Athletic Performance Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9672-8067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuming","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Athletic Performance Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6147-1362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hansen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education Southwest University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9506-174X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences University of Granada  Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meynard John L.","family":"Toledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Self\u2010Report Sciences University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0190-0548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith M.","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Department of Medicine Columbia University Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9654-0199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Athletic Performance Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"},{"name":"China Institute of Sport Science  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2012.11.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966\u2010017\u20100525\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966\u2010020\u201001044\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569\u2010021\u201000547\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001935"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"2020","article-title":"The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans","volume":"9","author":"Piercy K. 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