{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:35:35Z","timestamp":1787168135402,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Combining aerobic and strength training may attenuate neuromuscular adaptations, particularly when both target the same muscle group. This study assessed whether separating the training modalities by muscle groups mitigates this interference. Ninety\u2010six participants (56 males and 40 females) completed a 12\u2010week intervention, divided into three groups: (1) LHLS (lower\u2010body high\u2010intensity interval (HIIT) and strength training), (2) LHUS (lower\u2010body HIIT and upper\u2010body strength training), and (3) LSUS (lower\u2010 and upper\u2010body strength training). Maximal (1RM) and explosive strength were assessed using load\u2013velocity profiling, with mean propulsive velocity (MPV) at 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90% of 1RM as a measure of explosive strength. Muscle cross\u2010sectional area (CSA) of the M. vastus lateralis and M. pectoralis major was measured using panoramic ultrasound. Lower\u2010body adaptations were compared between LHLS and LSUS, and upper\u2010body adaptations were compared between LHUS and LSUS. MPV at 70% and 90% of 1RM for the squat (LHLS and LSUS) and bench press (LHUS and LSUS) showed improvements (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.050), with no significant between\u2010group differences. Squat 1RM improved in both LHLS and LSUS, and bench press 1RM increased in both LHUS and LSUS (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). M. vastus lateralis CSA increased in LHLS (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.029) but not in LSUS, whereas M. pectoralis major CSA increased in both LHUS and LSUS (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with no between\u2010group differences. No sex\u2010based differences were observed. Concurrent aerobic and strength training does not impair explosive strength, maximal strength, or muscle hypertrophy, regardless of whether the same or separate muscle groups are targeted.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T19:05:16Z","timestamp":1739214316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Neuromuscular Adaptations to Same Versus Separate Muscle\u2010Group Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Training in Recreationally Active Males and Females"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Joshua F.","family":"Feuerbacher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Therapy University of Technology  Chemnitz Germany"},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine German Sport University  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0842-505X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mats W.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Therapy University of Technology  Chemnitz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Heumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Therapy University of Technology  Chemnitz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Pareja\u2010Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Sciences, Physical Performance &amp; Sports Research Center Universidad Pablo de Olavide  Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony C.","family":"Hackney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Zacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine German Sports University Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moritz","family":"Schumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Therapy University of Technology  Chemnitz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-002-0751-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000003172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-016-3369-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-021-01587-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31823a3e2d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"198","article-title":"The Effects of Running, Weightlifting and a Combination of Both on Growth Hormone Release","volume":"5","author":"Craig B. 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