{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T17:50:44Z","timestamp":1772992244048,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Most measurements of isokinetic hamstring:quadriceps (H:Q) strength ratios are conducted using concurrent repetitions, whereby active knee extension is immediately followed by active knee flexion. To reduce the influence of the stretch\u2010shortening cycle and limit axis misalignment, isolated repetitions have been recommended, whereby extension and flexion are completed separately. To inform screening protocols, this study examined the effect of concurrent and isolated trials on discrete and angle\u2010specific H:Q ratios. Fifteen males (age: 27\u2009\u00b1\u20094\u2009years; height: 184\u2009\u00b1\u20099\u2009cm; body mass: 80\u2009\u00b1\u20099\u2009kg) performed isokinetic tests of the knee flexors and extensors (60\u00b0\/s) using concurrent and isolated trials while sagittal kinematics were captured (100\u2009Hz). Statistical parametric mapping enabled the effects of protocol type (concurrent vs. isolated) and axis misalignment (uncorrected vs. corrected) to be compared. Uncorrected data resulted in an underestimation of discrete conventional (\u221210.17%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and functional (\u22129.21%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009\u20090.05) ratios, with differences being observed for all angle\u2010specific ratios (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The use of concurrent repetitions resulted in a significant overestimation of the conventional H:Q ratio (+7.41%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) with the differences being most prevalent at more extended (24\u00b0\u201345\u00b0 knee flexion,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) knee joint positions. Dynamometer users should be aware that concurrent repetitions increase the likelihood of \u201cfalse\u2010negative\u201d injury risk categorization. Nevertheless, the common practice of using uncorrected data from concurrent repetitions does not lead to significant differences in discrete or angle\u2010specific H:Q ratios when compared with corrected data obtained from isolated repetitions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T18:18:25Z","timestamp":1743877105000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Concurrent Repetitions Overestimate Hamstring:Quadriceps Ratios at Extended Knee Joint Positions: Implications for Clinical Practice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9559-0562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gareth","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie School of Sport Leeds Beckett University  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8507-7706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josh","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie School of Sport Leeds Beckett University  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8848-2048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Brogden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Leeds Beckett University  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4451-9512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Alt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanics, Performance Analysis, and Strength &amp; Conditioning Olympic Training and Testing Centre  Dortmund Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203095546-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-198908020-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659101900113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0468-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093439"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260021201"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002609"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24733938.2017.1371851"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2022.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-018-0112-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798\u2010021\u201000330\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2020.109630"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2021.2022275"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000004574"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000766"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15438627.2021.1943389"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Muscular Strength and Strength Asymmetries in Elite and Sub\u2010Elite Professional Soccer Players","volume":"7","author":"Maly T.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sport Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IES-140557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182177"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.12.1840"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IES-140555"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2003.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Influence of the Dynamometer and Knee Joint Axis of Rotation Alignment on the Isokinetic Measurements","volume":"13","author":"Croisier J. 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