{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T04:17:46Z","timestamp":1768018666118,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Scarce evidence exists on the demands needed to attain the highest positions during Grand Tours (Giro d'Italia, Tour de France, Vuelta a Espa\u00f1a). Using power output (PO) and heart rate (HR) data, we aimed to compare the racing demands of successful (at least top\u20105) and less successful (at least top\u201015) cyclists during Grand Tours. We identified Grand Tours in which we could compare cyclists who had attained a top\u20105 position (<jats:italic>Top<\/jats:italic>) with riders who also competed for the General Classification in the same race but attained a worse position (<jats:italic>Non\u2010Top<\/jats:italic>, at least top 15). Different race\u2010derived measures of physical demands (e.g., <jats:italic>PO<\/jats:italic>, kJ spent, training stress score, durability and repeatability measures, time in different PO\/HR zones) were analyzed. Data from 9 Grand Tours, including 9 <jats:italic>Top<\/jats:italic> (average position 3rd, range 1st\u20135th) and 9 <jats:italic>Non\u2010Top<\/jats:italic> cyclists (average position 9th, range 4th\u201312th) were available. Despite significant between\u2010group differences in finishing time (86.2\u2009\u00b1\u20096.3 vs. 86.3\u2009\u00b1\u20096.3\u2009h, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), no differences were found for any of the analyzed outcomes, except for a slightly higher proportion of time spent at low PO levels (zone 1 (\u2264\u200955% of functional threshold power)) in <jats:italic>Top<\/jats:italic> compared to <jats:italic>Non\u2010Top<\/jats:italic> cyclists (60.9%\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8% vs. 58.4%\u2009\u00b1\u20092.5%, respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011). In summary, achieving a top position during a Grand Tour does not necessarily imply overall higher physical demands compared to those cases in which cyclists attain a slightly lower position, which suggests that other factors (e.g., individual or team tactics) or metrics might have a greater influence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T04:41:06Z","timestamp":1747370466000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["What Does It Take to Reach the Podium? Power Output and Heart Rate\u2010Derived Racing Demands of Top Cyclists During Grand Tours"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Barranco\u2010Gil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Sciences. Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sports Universidad Europea de Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Mateo\u2010March","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Sciences. Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sports Universidad Europea de Madrid  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Center Universidad Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez de Elche  Alicante Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xabier","family":"Muriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences University of Murcia  Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6087-1583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas G.","family":"Pallar\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences University of Murcia  Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Lucia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Sciences. Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sports Universidad Europea de Madrid  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PAHERG) Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1730-3369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro L.","family":"Valenzuela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences University of Castilla\u2010La Mancha  Toledo Spain"},{"name":"Department of Systems Biology University of Alcal\u00e1  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.7.3.200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/IJSPP.2020\u20100508"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021\u20100082"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2018.1554706"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0476"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2016\u20100588"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021\u20100488"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2020.1788651"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70057"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000064999.82036.B4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002210"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2021.1987528"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0000000000002656"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100043\u2010102945"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2023\u20100330"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2022\u20100208"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2018\u20100190"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2019\u20100320"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","volume-title":"Training and Racing With a Power Meter","author":"Allen H.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000939"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279\u2010020\u201001314\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021\u20100263"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31818cb278"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021\u20100081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798\u2010020\u201000252\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19346182.2015.1108979"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2020\u20100501"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Medicine &amp; Science in Sports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/sms.70074","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T11:55:52Z","timestamp":1747828552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/sms.70074"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/sms.70074"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sms.70074","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-7188","1600-0838"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-7188","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0838","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70074"}}