{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T21:28:00Z","timestamp":1786483680674,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Maximal force production capacities are essential for skiing performance. Despite the evidence of dynamic demands and fatigue during racing, the relative importance of maximal, explosive, and endurance strength capacities remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the specific association between lower\u2010limb isometric maximal, rate of force development, and critical force to event\u2010specific skiing performance. Fifty\u2010nine skiers were recruited from national (NAT,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200924) and regional (REG,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200935) levels. Skiers had their isometric maximal force (\n                    <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                    max), maximal rate of force development (RFDmax), and critical force (CF) assessed on a leg press ergometer. NAT skiing performance in each skiing event (Slalom, Giant\u2010Slalom, Super\u2010G, Downhill) was defined as FIS points. For REG skiers, performance was represented in their total time to complete a controlled giant\u2010slalom race. Force production capacities were compared between NAT and REG using independent t\u2010tests, with the contribution of each force production capacity to performance (event\u2010specific FIS points for NAT and experimental race time for REG) assessed via stepwise linear regression models. The alpha value was set at 0.05. NAT presented higher\n                    <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                    max (Hedges'\n                    <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091.21,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), RFDmax (\n                    <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091.01,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and CF (\n                    <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091.88,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) than REG. For NAT, performance in Slalom was associated with RFDmax (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.213) while CF was the sole predictor for Giant\u2010Slalom (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.256), Super\u2010G (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.209), and Downhill (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.488). For REG, variance in race time was substantially explained by CF (model\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.683). This study provides evidence of an event\u2010specific relationship between performance and force production capacities and notably the importance of isometric critical force.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T21:14:45Z","timestamp":1773004485000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lower\u2010Limb Strength in Alpine Skiing: Are Maximal, Explosive or Endurance Capacities More Important for Performance?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1271-0945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mickael","family":"Chollet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc, Inter\u2010University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences  Chamb\u00e9ry EA France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Cross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique","family":"Hintzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc, Inter\u2010University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences  Chamb\u00e9ry EA France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carson","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science University of Innsbruck  Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baptise","family":"Morel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc, Inter\u2010University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences  Chamb\u00e9ry EA France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilien","family":"Bowen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc, Inter\u2010University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences  Chamb\u00e9ry EA France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Samozino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc, Inter\u2010University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences  Chamb\u00e9ry EA France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2020.00056"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14515"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00145"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19194324"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"754","article-title":"A Comparison of Ground Reaction Forces Determined by Portable Force\u2010Plate and Pressure\u2010Insole Systems in Alpine Skiing","volume":"10","author":"Nakazato K.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Science and 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