{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T18:44:19Z","timestamp":1776883459112,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021\u201004437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\u201004437"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005350","name":"Centrum f\u00f6r idrottsforskning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P2025\u20100091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2025\u20100091"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005350","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Advanced footwear technology (AFT) has reshaped distance running performance, but concerns remain regarding its potential biomechanical implications discussed in the injury literature. This study investigates whether the improved running economy provided by AFT occurs without systematic increases in biomechanical variables that have been discussed in the literature in relation to running\u2010related injuries. Thirty recreational runners completed treadmill trials in three shoe conditions: Nike Vaporfly 3 (NV3; PEBA foam + carbon\u2010fiber plate), Nike Invincible 3 (NI3; PEBA foam), and Brooks Levitate 5 (BL5; TPU foam). Running in each shoe was conducted at 10.8 and 12.6\u2009km\u00b7h\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Oxygen uptake, heart rate (HR), and biomechanical variables related to injury risk (vertical average loading rate (VALR), vertical instantaneous loading rate (VILR), braking impulse, contact time, and contralateral pelvic drop) were analyzed using a two\u2010way repeated measures ANOVA. Compared with both NI3 and BL5, NV3 significantly reduced oxygen uptake (mean difference: \u22121.749\u2009\u00b1\u20090.259 and\u2009\u22121.914\u2009\u00b1\u20090.215\u2009mL\u00b7kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00b7min\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and HR (mean difference: \u22124.750\u2009\u00b1\u20090.637 and\u2009\u22125.433\u2009\u00b1\u20090.720 beats\u00b7min\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The BL5 exhibited substantially higher VALR and VILR than both NV3 and NI3 (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and NV3 exhibited significantly higher VALR values than NI3 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.006). Braking impulse was lowest in NI3, and no significant shoe condition effects were observed for contralateral pelvic drop or contact time. AFT shoes combining PEBA foam with a carbon\u2010fiber plate improved running economy without increases in the biomechanical variables examined, which have been discussed in the literature in relation to running\u2010related injuries. AFT shoes can enhance metabolic performance, while PEBA\u2010only shoes may better suit sessions focused on cushioning and impact management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T09:34:02Z","timestamp":1775727242000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Performance Benefits Without Added Injury Risk? Effects of Advanced Footwear Technology on Running Economy and Biomechanical Risk in Recreational Runners"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Wenjin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Science and Physical Education Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopedics, German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Potthast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopedics, German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kalle","family":"Torniainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shulin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopedics, German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Ammann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopedics, German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yutong","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopedics, German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaobai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, School of Kinesiology Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7552-0452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weijie","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, School of Kinesiology Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingmin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Science and Physical Education Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Arndt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department CLINTEC Karolinska Institute  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0811-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0446"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2019.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80791-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-024-00683-y"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"1499","article-title":"Bone Stress Injuries in Runners Using Carbon Fiber Plate Footwear","volume":"53","author":"Tenforde A.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sports 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