{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T15:29:00Z","timestamp":1789140540968,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study investigated whether a six\u2010week brain endurance training (BET) intervention could enhance soccer\u2010specific performance and induce neural adaptations in structure\u2013function coupling (SC\u2013FC coupling) in sub\u2010elite male soccer players. Seventy athletes competing in the regional first division and engaged in structured training 5\u20136 times per week were randomly assigned to a BET group (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200935) or a control group (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200935). Both groups continued regular field training, while the BET group additionally completed 24 cognitive sessions combining Stroop and dual n\u2010back tasks. Resting\u2010state fMRI and diffusion\u2010weighted imaging were acquired before and after the intervention to assess SC\u2013FC coupling across 246 brain regions using a multivariate prediction framework. Soccer performance tests included passing, shooting, agility, sprint, and aerobic capacity assessments. Compared with controls, BET participants demonstrated significant group \u00d7 time interactions in passing accuracy, shooting precision, reactive agility, and sprint performance (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05,\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.06\u20130.07). Specifically, LSPT completion time improved by 3.7%, LSST precision increased by 11.2%, and directional sprint times decreased by 5.1% following BET, with no change in the control group. Maximum running speed during the 30\u201315 Intermittent Fitness Test increased by 2.9% (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.043,\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.07), whereas heart rate and blood lactate remained stable. MRI analyses revealed increased SC\u2013FC coupling within executive and motor\u2010related regions (e.g., DLPFC, IPL, caudate, Crus I) and decreased coupling within default mode and association areas (e.g., angular gyrus, pSTG; all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05, FDR\u2010corrected). These coupling changes were significantly correlated with behavioral improvements, indicating that BET enhanced the neural efficiency of executive\u2013motor networks. Overall, BET drives targeted neuroplasticity by strengthening the alignment between structural and functional brain systems that support attention, motor control, and fatigue regulation, translating into measurable gains in soccer\u2010specific performance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T14:55:46Z","timestamp":1778597746000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Brain Endurance Training Modulates Structure\u2013Function Coupling and Enhances Soccer\u2010Specific Performance: A Multimodal\n                    <scp>\n                      <b>MRI<\/b>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jinyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Football Xi'an Physical Education University  Xi'an Shaanxi 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