{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T17:38:43Z","timestamp":1787593123780,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    It remains unclear why exercising damaged muscles is perceived as disproportionately more effortful. Given the known role of inorganic phosphate (Pi) in fatigue and afferent sensory signaling, we tested whether muscle damage disrupts phosphate metabolism and whether this is associated with heightened ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). Eighteen adults (23\u2009\u00b1\u20094\u2009years) completed assessments before and 48\u2009h after muscle damage induced by unilateral eccentric knee extensions (EIMD); the contralateral leg served as control. Magnetic resonance imaging quantified quadriceps cross\u2010sectional area (Qcsa) and\n                    <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>\n                    P\u2010MR spectroscopy quantified Pi, phosphocreatine (PCr), Pi\/PCr, ATP\u03b3 and pH at rest, during knee\u2010extension exercise, and recovery. RPE was recorded throughout exercise. At 48\u2009h, the EIMD leg showed increased soreness (17\u2010fold), reduced maximum voluntary contraction (\u221218.4%\u2009\u00b1\u20093.8%) and increased Qcsa (+2.8%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.4%; mean individual percentage changes \u00b1 SEM;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Visit \u00d7 condition interactions were observed for Pi, Pi\/PCr, and ATP\u03b3 at rest (\u03b7p\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.31\u20130.35) and across rest, exercise and recovery (\u03b7p\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.66\u20130.78), but not for PCr or pH. This reflected sustained elevations of Pi and Pi\/PCr, and lower ATP\u03b3 in the EIMD leg alongside higher RPE at 48\u2009h. Elevated resting Pi\/PCr was strongly associated with elevated RPE (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.856,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), whereas exercise\u2010induced Pi\/PCr changes were not associated with RPE. Overall, EIMD causes a sustained disturbance in muscle phosphate homeostasis that is strongly associated with elevated RPE. These findings provide new evidence linking resting muscle phosphate\u2010metabolic disturbance with heightened effort perception after damage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T11:51:40Z","timestamp":1785325900000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Altered Skeletal Muscle Phosphate Metabolism After Muscle Damage Is Associated With Elevated Effort Perception During Exercise in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3659-0773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie Stewart","family":"McPhee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Wolfson ACTIVE Laboratory Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aneurin James","family":"Kennerley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Wolfson ACTIVE Laboratory Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9101-9900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean\u2010Christophe","family":"Lagac\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke  Sherbrooke Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke Geriatric Institute Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke  Sherbrooke Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6067-9893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"McStravick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Wolfson ACTIVE Laboratory Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1816-2644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan","family":"Pinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Wolfson ACTIVE Laboratory Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4178-6965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Zambolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Wolfson ACTIVE Laboratory Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59430-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"1155","article-title":"Changes in Nerve Conduction and Pi\/PCr Ratio During Denervation\u2010Reinnervation of the Gastrocsoleus Muscles of Rats","volume":"73","author":"Lai K. 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