{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T04:38:38Z","timestamp":1792643918240,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The duration of the repeated\u2010bout effect following eccentric knee\u2010extensor exercise remains undefined, despite its widespread use in muscle damage research and training. The present study examined how long this protective effect persists in the knee extensors. Forty\u2010eight young men performed two identical bouts of maximal eccentric knee\u2010extensor exercise (5\u2009\u00d7\u200915 repetitions at 60\u00b0\/s). Four independent groups performed the second bout 3, 6, 9, or 12\u2009weeks after the first. Isometric torque, range of motion (ROM), delayed\u2010onset muscle soreness (DOMS), muscle thickness, echo intensity, creatine kinase (CK), and high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010CRP) were assessed before and 2 and 4\u2009days after each bout. Baseline\u2010adjusted linear mixed\u2010effects models were used to compare responses between bouts, complemented by equivalence testing at 12\u2009weeks. The repeated\u2010bout effect was evident at 3 and 6\u2009weeks across most outcomes and remained detectable at 9\u2009weeks for selected markers. At 12\u2009weeks, no significant differences between bouts were observed at either day 2 or day 4 for any outcome. Exploratory equivalence analyses further indicated that the effect was no longer meaningfully present at these time points for isometric torque, ROM, DOMS, muscle thickness, and echo intensity, whereas the findings for CK and hs\u2010CRP remained inconclusive. Overall, the repeated\u2010bout effect may persist for some outcomes for up to 9\u2009weeks, whereas by 12\u2009weeks no meaningful effect was detectable at the assessed post\u2010exercise time points. This time course can guide the design of muscle damage studies and the scheduling of eccentric training sessions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T14:25:08Z","timestamp":1792160708000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Duration of the Repeated\u2010Bout Effect After Eccentric Exercise"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9225-8177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasios A.","family":"Theodorou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences European University Cyprus  Nicosia Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5119-427X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikos V.","family":"Margaritelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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