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Although components of AP have been linked to different domains of children's self\u2010regulation skills, comprehensive measures of AP and longitudinal research on families from low socioeconomic backgrounds are lacking. These limitations greatly constrain our understanding of the potential benefits of paternal AP for children's self\u2010regulation development, including the maturation of inhibitory control (IC) in early childhood. Thus, the present study tested associations between paternal AP at age 3 and growth in parent\u2010reported IC across ages 3\u20135 in a sample of low\u2010income, ethnically diverse fathers. Participating fathers (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0171; 9% Black, 47% White, 8% Latinx, 61% not Latinx; mean household income\u00a0=\u00a0$25,145) and their children (51% female) were drawn from the Early Steps Multisite Study. AP during a clean\u2010up task at child age 3 years, but not a teaching task, was associated with greater growth in IC across ages 3\u20135 years. Implications of the current findings are presented for understanding associations between paternal AP and children's IC and broader self\u2010regulation skills with diverse samples of caregivers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sode.12768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T13:55:09Z","timestamp":1725458109000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Paternal activation parenting and growth in children's inhibitory control across early childhood"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2230-2336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia S.","family":"Feldman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melvin N.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Virginia  Charlottesville Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033786"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.21679"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10566\u2010019\u201009513\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1129836"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2007.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"261","volume-title":"Socioemotional development in the toddler years: Transitions and transformations","author":"Calkins S. 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