{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T20:27:31Z","timestamp":1790108851882,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,28]],"date-time":"2013-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We determined the intra\u2010 and inter\u2010rater reliability of data from digital image color analysis between an expert and novice analyst.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following training, the expert and novice independently analyzed 210 randomly ordered images. Both analysts used Adobe<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> Photoshop lasso or color sampler tools based on the type of image file. After color correction with Pictocolor<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> in camera software, they recorded L*a*b* (L*=light\/dark; a*=red\/green; b*=yellow\/blue) color values for all skin sites. We computed intra\u2010rater and inter\u2010rater agreement within anatomical region, color value (L*, a*, b*), and technique (lasso, color sampler) using a series of one\u2010way intra\u2010class correlation coefficients (ICCs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results of ICCs for intra\u2010rater agreement showed high levels of internal consistency reliability within each rater for the lasso technique (ICC \u2265 0.99) and somewhat lower, yet acceptable, level of agreement for the color sampler technique (ICC = 0.91 for expert, ICC = 0.81 for novice). Skin L*, skin b*, and labia L* values reached the highest level of agreement (ICC \u2265 0.92) and skin a*, labia b*, and vaginal wall b* were the lowest (ICC \u2265 0.64).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from novice analysts can achieve high levels of agreement with data from expert analysts with training and the use of a detailed, standard protocol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,28]],"date-time":"2013-03-28T15:47:25Z","timestamp":1364485645000},"page":"484-491","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Intra\u2010 and inter\u2010rater reliability of digital image analysis for skin color measurement"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Marilyn","family":"Sommers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Beacham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patient Services Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamison","family":"Fargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Utah State University Logan UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1440"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2008.00348.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2008.00333.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2007.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2011.00505.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200011000-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0846.2000.006004230.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"Measurement of skin color: practical application and theoretical considerations","volume":"44","author":"Takiwaki H","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Med Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20727"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.2352\/J.ImagingSci.Technol.1996.40.5.art00011","article-title":"Principal component analysis of skin color and its application to colorimetric color reproduction on CRT display and hardcopy","volume":"40","author":"Imai FH","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Imaging Sci Technol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2352\/J.ImagingSci.Technol.(2006)50:1(12)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.2352\/J.ImagingSci.Technol.2004.48.3.art00006","article-title":"Application of image\u2010based skin chromophore analysis to cosmetics","volume":"48","author":"Ojima N","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Imaging Sci Technol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"145","volume-title":"Proceedings of Medical image understanding and analysis (MIUA)","author":"Preece SJ","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"VezhnevetsV SazonovV AndreevaA.A survey on pixel\u2010based skin color detection techniques. 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