{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T13:52:36Z","timestamp":1758981156233},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,17]],"date-time":"2014-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Center","award":["N N402371538"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N N402371538"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reflectance confocal microscopy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCM<\/jats:styled-content>) is a non\u2010invasive method for high\u2010resolution,<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>imaging of the epidermis and upper dermis. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the potential usefulness of RCM as a non\u2010invasive diagnostic tool for Hailey\u2013Hailey disease (familial benign chronic pemphigus).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four patients with Hailey\u2013Hailey disease were examined by<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCM<\/jats:styled-content>. Subsequently, punch biopsies were taken to compare<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCM<\/jats:styled-content>images with corresponding histopathologic findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>On<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCM<\/jats:styled-content>images, the most sticking feature was acantholysis at the level of the granular and spinous layer, resembling a \u2018dilapidated brick wall\u2019. We suggest the term \u2018dilapidated brick wall<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCM<\/jats:styled-content>sign\u2019 to describe this feature and to distinguish from the corresponding histopathology finding. Other<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCM<\/jats:styled-content>features included: epidermal disarray, intraepidermal clefts, inflammatory cells in the epidermis and in the superficial dermis. These<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCM<\/jats:styled-content>abnormalities correlated with analogous histopathology findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reflectance confocal microscopy is a promising non\u2010invasive diagnostic tool for Hailey\u2013Hailey disease. The method may also be considered useful for choosing the best site for biopsy, which may aid pathology evaluation and spare time needed to establish the diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,17]],"date-time":"2014-02-17T11:49:12Z","timestamp":1392637752000},"page":"503-509","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Reflectance confocal microscopy as a non\u2010invasive diagnostic tool for Hailey\u2013Hailey disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Kurzeja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology CSK MSW Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Czuwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology CSK MSW Warsaw 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