{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:35:20Z","timestamp":1791293720073,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,27]],"date-time":"2015-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Skin\u2010dedicated <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> confocal microscopy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EVCM<\/jats:styled-content>) has so far mainly been employed to identify cutaneous tumours on freshly excised samples. We present two cases where <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EVCM<\/jats:styled-content> has been used to diagnose cutaneous mucormycosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The skin biopsies were evaluated by the skin\u2010dedicated <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> confocal microscope VivaScope 2500<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAVIG<\/jats:styled-content> GmbH, Munich Germany) under both reflectance and fluorescence mode. Conventional direct optical examination on skin scraping and histological examination were later performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Mucormycetes<\/jats:italic> observed by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EVCM<\/jats:styled-content> presented as hyper\u2010reflective elongated 20 \u03bcm in diameter structures with perpendicular ramifications. Fungi were found both under reflectance and fluorescence mode and were better visible with acridine orange under fluorescence <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EVCM<\/jats:styled-content>. Conventional direct optical examination on skin scraping and histological examination found the same elongated and branching structures confirming the presence of <jats:italic>Mucormycetes<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Ex vivo<\/jats:italic> confocal microscopy<\/jats:styled-content> has both the advantages of being fast as the direct optical examination, and to be able to show the localisation of the fungi in the tissue like the histological examination. In our cases, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EVCM<\/jats:styled-content> allowed to rapidly confirm the clinical diagnosis of mucormycosis, which is essential for the treatment of this fungal infection. Further studies are needed to compare the performance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EVCM<\/jats:styled-content> with the findings of conventional histological and mycological examinations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]],"date-time":"2015-10-28T04:36:25Z","timestamp":1446006985000},"page":"203-207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["<i>Ex vivo<\/i> confocal microscopy: a new diagnostic technique for mucormycosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Leclercq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Saint Etienne Saint\u2010Etienne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Cinotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Saint Etienne Saint\u2010Etienne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Labeille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Saint Etienne Saint\u2010Etienne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. L.","family":"Perrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Saint Etienne Saint\u2010Etienne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Cambazard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Saint Etienne Saint\u2010Etienne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12557"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Epidemiology of mucormycosis in metropolitan France, 1997\u20102010","volume":"29","author":"Bitar D","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12371"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2005.01321.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir880"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12563"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/512812"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/521245"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12110"}],"container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fsrt.12251","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/srt.12251","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T13:43:51Z","timestamp":1695563031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/srt.12251"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,27]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/srt.12251"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/srt.12251","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0909-752X","1600-0846"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0909-752X","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0846","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,27]]}}}