{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T22:42:36Z","timestamp":1768084956905,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,30]],"date-time":"2016-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Facial lipoatrophy in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> patients, secondary to antiretroviral therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ART<\/jats:styled-content>) with thymidine analogs, has been related to important psychosocial alterations and poor adherence to treatment. Polyacrylamide gel (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAAG<\/jats:styled-content>) is a filler that has been used for treating facial lipoatrophy in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The aim was to assess the clinical and sonographic anatomical changes after injection of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAAG<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> patients with facial lipoatrophy secondary to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ART<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> patients receiving <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ART<\/jats:styled-content> and suffering from severe facial lipoatrophy were recruited and underwent clinical and color Doppler ultrasound evaluation prior to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAAG<\/jats:styled-content> application (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AQUAMID<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>) and sonographically monitored at 18 months and clinically followed up for 36 months after the procedure. Adverse effects were recorded based on occurrence and complexity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 33 patients were evaluated, 30 men (91%) and 3 women (9%) with an average age of 49.6 years (\u00b18.4). Clinical improvement assessed by a dermatologist had an average score of 5.9 (\u00b10.7) on a scale of 1\u20137. On color Doppler ultrasound there was a significant increase of the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue (SCT) in both nasofold lines when comparing before and after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAAG<\/jats:styled-content> injection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) and no signs of inflammation (hypervascularity). User satisfaction was qualified as excellent or good in all cases. Only two patients experienced adverse effects (hematoma and puncture site infection), which was successfully managed without consequences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment of facial lipoatrophy with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAAG<\/jats:styled-content> seems to be effective in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> patients and no signs of complications were observed in the monitoring at 36 months after injection. Color Doppler ultrasound can identify the filler deposits and the anatomical changes of the SCT non\u2010invasively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,31]],"date-time":"2016-10-31T04:52:51Z","timestamp":1477889571000},"page":"243-248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Clinical and color Doppler ultrasound evaluation of polyacrylamide injection in <scp>HIV<\/scp> patients with severe facial lipoatrophy secondary to antiretroviral therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Faundez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine Hospital Clinico U. Chile University of Chile Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine Hospital Clinico U. Chile University of Chile Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Vera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Program Public Health Faculty University of Chile Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Program Public Health Faculty University of Chile Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Sepulveda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Coordination of Evidence and Methodology Ministry of Health Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Wortsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Department of Dermatology Institute for Diagnostic Imaging and Research of the Skin and Soft Tissues Clinica Servet Faculty of Medicine University of Chile Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"152","article-title":"Lipodystrophy and quality of life of HIV\u2010infected persons","volume":"10","author":"Guaraldi G","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2002.02099.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000247574.33998.03"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"369","article-title":"Relationship between lipoatrophy and quality of life","volume":"15","author":"Echavez M","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS 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