{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T23:50:07Z","timestamp":1776210607767,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Facial skin hyperpigmention caused by chronic sun exposure is a major skin complaint, however, its characteristics and influential factors are still limitedly known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional survey in healthy Japanese women aged from 6 to 62\u00a0years (n=169) was conducted using a facial image analyzer <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VISIA<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u2122<\/jats:sup> for knowing onset age of hyperpigmented spot formation, its chronological changes, and influence of environmental factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> Pigmented Spot (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PS<\/jats:styled-content>) Score was positively correlated with age (R=.487, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.000). Hyperpigmented spots appeared first around 18\u00a0years old in most subjects, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PS<\/jats:styled-content> score remarkably increased at 20s then gradually increased by ages. The subjects with Skin Type I, one of the three grades of Japanese Skin Type (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">JST<\/jats:styled-content>), whose melanin formation is genetically lower, showed higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PS<\/jats:styled-content> score. A woman aged 31\u00a0years was subjected a weekly <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VISIA<\/jats:styled-content> measurement for 2\u00a0years, and found no changes in the number, place, size and intensity of the pigment spots in this duration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hyperpigmented spots developed in women over 20\u00a0years of age due to chronic sun exposure without sun protection during childhood and adolescent and it was stable afterwards, whose intensity was influenced by age and skin type.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T05:56:43Z","timestamp":1496296603000},"page":"613-618","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Facial skin photo\u2010aging and development of hyperpigmented spots from children to middle\u2010aged Japanese woman"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TES Holdings Co. Ltd.  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9259-3207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y.","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellness Communication Nestl\u00e9 Japan Ltd.  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endowed Research Department \u201cFood for Health\u201d Ochanomizu University  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Institute of Life Innovation Studies Toyo University  Gunma Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ichihashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saisei Mirai Clinic  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12393"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015270"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-1811(01)00118-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"1312","article-title":"Hanke KE.VISIA system: a possible tool in the cosmetic practice","volume":"13","author":"Goldsberry A","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12399"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"327","article-title":"UVB\u2010induced erythema, delayed tanning, and UVA\u2010induced immediate tanning in Japane4se skin","volume":"3","author":"Kawada A","year":"1986","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.1996.tb00239.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/218652a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.07830.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00088.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"Japanese Skin Type (JST)","volume":"2","author":"Satoh Y","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Jap Comm for Sunlight Prot"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(02)00252-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2014.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1999.02653.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1256022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12081"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546631003801619"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"1306","article-title":"An evaluation of efficacy and tolerability of novel enzyme exfoliation versus glycolic acid in photodamage treatment","volume":"14","author":"Mekas M","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fsrt.12380","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/srt.12380","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T17:05:37Z","timestamp":1695488737000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/srt.12380"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/srt.12380"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/srt.12380","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0909-752X","1600-0846"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0909-752X","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0846","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}}}