{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T07:52:36Z","timestamp":1740124356118,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]],"date-time":"2018-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Observing accurate real\u2010time measurements of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR<\/jats:styled-content>) levels is important since personal excess sun exposure is associated with skin cancers. Handheld measurement devices may be helpful but their accuracy is unknown. We compare a portable, science\u2010grade solar UVR<\/jats:styled-content> monitoring device against two fixed, science\u2010grade solar UVR<\/jats:styled-content> instruments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Instruments were (1) a fixed Solar Light 501 UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B biometer to measure UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B; (2) a fixed Kipp and Zonen radiometer used to measure UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A and UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B; and (3) Goldilux ultraviolet probes which are commercially available portable devices. Two different probes were used, one measured UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A and the other UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B radiation. The Goldilux probes were levelled and secured next to the UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B biometer. Between 10:00 and 14:40 UTC<\/jats:styled-content>+2, the UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B biometer was set to record at 10\u2010minute intervals and measurements by the Goldilux probes were manually taken simultaneously. Results were compared for all data and by solar zenith angle (SZA<\/jats:styled-content>) ranges.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The Goldilux UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B probe measured UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B relatively well in its diurnal pattern, however, its readings were ~77% higher than those made by the UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B biometer. While UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A measurements from the Goldilux UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A probe and those from the radiometer were in relatively good agreement in pattern, the radiometer read ~47% higher than the Goldilux UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A probe. UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B data from Goldilux UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B probe had a moderately strong correlation with UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B biometer data for small SZA<\/jats:styled-content>s; conversely, for UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A, the Goldilux UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A probe had a strong correlation with the UV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A radiometer data for large SZA<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Handheld devices may be useful to provide real\u2010time readings of solar UVR<\/jats:styled-content> patterns, however, to achieve synchronicity in the magnitude of readings to those made by science\u2010grade fixed instruments, devices may need to be used during certain times of the day and in clear\u2010sky conditions which may not be practical in personal exposure studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]],"date-time":"2018-02-23T08:48:40Z","timestamp":1519375720000},"page":"527-534","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing a portable, real\u2010time display handheld meter with UV<\/scp>\u2010A and UV<\/scp>\u2010B sensors for potential application in personal sun exposure studies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1546-9138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. J.","family":"du Preez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. L.","family":"du Plessis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative University of the North\u2010West Potchefstroom South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. Y.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"Environment and Health Research Unit South African Medical Research Council Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Solar and Ultraviolet Radiation","volume":"55","author":"IARC","year":"1992","journal-title":"IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.114594"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(03)00150-1"},{"volume-title":"Solar Ultraviolet Radiation: Global Burden of Disease from Solar Ultraviolet Radiation","year":"2006","author":"Lucas R.","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2004.tb00028.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1562\/2006-08-22-RA-1010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1562\/0031-8655(2000)0710060CBRAMU2.0.CO2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-896.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2009.00612.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2016.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"WrightCY GriffithD.Solar UVR instrument inter\u2010comparison focusing on measurement interval recording setting and solar zenith angle as important factors. South Africa Society of Atmospheric Science Conference 2015 21\u201022 September 2015 Centurion Pretoria."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"Solar Light. Model 501 UV Biometer Radiometer. Available online atwww.solarlight.com. 2014. Accessed March 6 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"Kipp and Zonen.UVS\u2010AB\u2010T Radiometer Kipp and Zonen. Available athttp:\/\/www.kippzonen.com\/Product\/30\/UVS-AB-T-UV-Radiometer#.WL5mjDt9601. Accessed March 7 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2987937"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"138","volume-title":"Contemporary Business Statistics","author":"Williams TA","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Global Solar UV Index: A Practical Guide. Geneva; World Health Organization and International Commission on Non\u2010Ionizing Radiation Protection. Geneva Switzerland."}],"container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fsrt.12462","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/srt.12462","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]],"date-time":"2023-09-16T23:11:59Z","timestamp":1694905919000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/srt.12462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/srt.12462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/srt.12462","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0909-752X","1600-0846"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0909-752X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1600-0846"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]]}}}