{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T11:07:39Z","timestamp":1791544059955,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, wearing medical respirators and masks was essential to prevent transmission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantify the effects of N95 mask usage by measuring facial skin biophysical characteristics and changes in the lipidome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty healthy volunteers wore N95 respirators for 3 or 6\u00a0h. Facial images were acquired and physiological parameters were measured in specific facial areas, before and after mask\u2010wearing. Lipidome analysis was also performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After N95 respirator usage, facial erythema was observed in both the 3 and 6\u00a0h groups. Both sebum secretion and trans\u2010epidermal water loss increased significantly in mask\u2010covered cheeks and chins after 6\u00a0h of mask wearing compared with before mask wearing (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Principal component analysis revealed significant differences in lipid composition after mask wearing compared with before. The ceramide subclass NS exhibited a positive correlation with stratum corneum hydration, whereas the AP subclass was negatively correlated with trans\u2010epidermal water loss in the 6\u00a0h group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prolonged wear of N95 respirators may impair facial skin function and alter lipidome composition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.13653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,16]],"date-time":"2024-03-16T02:43:16Z","timestamp":1710556996000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["N95 respirators alter facial skin physiological functions and lipidome composition in health care personnel"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou  Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Yunnan Yunke Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Co., Ltd  Kunming China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5155-1871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing 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Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7172-5277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing 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