{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T23:00:26Z","timestamp":1785798026832,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder characterized by multifactorial pathogenesis. In recent years, multiple non\u2010invasive imaging methods have been explored to monitor in vivo acne lesions. Technologies such as reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) have improved our capabilities to characterize and monitor this condition; nevertheless, limitations remain in resolution and depth. Line\u2010field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC\u2010OCT) is a novel imaging technique that combines the strengths of RCM and OCT, offering high\u2010resolution vertical and horizontal imaging of skin tissue up to 500\u00a0\u00b5m deep. The aim of this study was to characterize and quantify the microstructural features of different acne lesion morphologies using LC\u2010OCT and to compare these findings with those observed in normal skin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 52 facial acne lesions (microcomedones, closed and open comedones, papules, and pustules) from 20 patients with mild\u2010to\u2010moderate acne and 15 healthy controls were imaged using LC\u2010OCT. Vertical, horizontal, and 3D images were analyzed for structural features, with quantitative measurements of lesion diameter and depth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LC\u2010OCT revealed distinct microstructural features at each stage of acne development. Microcomedones showed bright perifollicular rings in 83.3% of cases, absent in healthy skin, indicating early follicular hyper keratinization. Closed comedones appeared as cystic, keratin\u2010filled structures beneath intact epidermis, while open comedones displayed surface discontinuities and mixed reflectivity plugs. Papules and pustules demonstrated perifollicular hyperreflective halos and numerous \u201cbright dots\u201d, corresponding to inflammatory cell infiltrates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LC\u2010OCT provides non\u2010invasive, high\u2010resolution imaging of acne microarchitecture, from subclinical changes in acne\u2010prone skin and incipient microcomedones to inflammatory lesions, offering potential utility in diagnosis, disease monitoring and personalized therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.70371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T07:25:23Z","timestamp":1781508323000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["In Vivo Microscopic Features of Acne vulgaris Revealed via LC\u2010OCT"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7926-3389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele Omar","family":"Traini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Agostino Gemelli University Hospital  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery Catholic University of The Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9681-1681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerardo","family":"Palmisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Agostino Gemelli University Hospital  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery Catholic University of The Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro Di","family":"Stefani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Agostino Gemelli University Hospital  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery Catholic University of The Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9208-8887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Bocchino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Agostino Gemelli University Hospital  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery Catholic University of The Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Guerriero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Agostino Gemelli University Hospital  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery Catholic University of The Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9266-0342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariano","family":"Suppa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology H\u00f4pital Erasme, HUB, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Institut Jules Bordet, HUB Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, HUB  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Groupe d'imagerie cutan\u00e9e noninvasive (GICNI) Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Dermatologie (SFD)  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1957-6600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ketty","family":"Peris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Agostino Gemelli University Hospital  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery Catholic University of The Sacred Heart  Rome 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of Localized Scleroderma by Line\u2010Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography","volume":"161","author":"Traini D. O.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Italian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.33.1.93"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15926"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13634"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15641"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Line Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography (LC \u2010 OCT) Features of Primary Cicatricial Alopecias","author":"Traini D. 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