{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T07:52:26Z","timestamp":1740124346906,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,11]],"date-time":"2014-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["310030-146306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030-146306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tissue Antigens"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Within the framework of the EU\u2010funded <jats:italic>HLA\u2010NET<\/jats:italic> action, an analysis of three G\u2010group alleles, <jats:italic>HLA\u2010B*44:02:01G<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>DRB1*14:01:01G<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>DQB1*03:01:01G<\/jats:italic>, was undertaken in 12 European populations. Ambiguities were resolved by polymerase chain reaction\u2010sequence\u2010specific amplification (PCR\u2010SSP) or PCR\u2010sequence\u2010based typing (PCR\u2010SBT) in a total of 5095 individuals. The results of the <jats:italic>DRB1*14:01\/14:54<\/jats:italic> ambiguity showed high relative ratios (24\u201353%) of <jats:italic>DRB1*14:01<\/jats:italic> in Bulgarians, Croatians, Greeks, Italians and Slovenians, contrasting with low ratios (6\u201313%) in Austrians, Finnish, French, Hungarians, Norwegians and Swiss. Resolution of the <jats:italic>B*44:02\/44:27<\/jats:italic> ambiguity showed that <jats:italic>B*44:27<\/jats:italic> had a high relative ratio in Slovenians (25.5%) and Bulgarians (37%) and low in French and Swiss (0.02\u20131%), and was not observed in Greeks and Italians. The highest relative ratio of <jats:italic>DQB1*03:19<\/jats:italic> was found in Portuguese (11%), by contrast with low ratios (0\u20133%) in the other five populations. Analysis of the A, B, DRB1 phenotypes and family\u2010derived haplotypes in 1719 and 403 individuals positive for either <jats:italic>HLA\u2010B*44:02G<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>DRB1*14:01G<\/jats:italic> ambiguities, respectively, showed some preferential associations, such as <jats:italic>A*26\u223cDRB1*14:01<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>B*35\u223cDRB1*14:01<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>B*38\u223cDRB1*14:01<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B*44:27\u223cDRB1*16<\/jats:italic>. Because these ambiguities are located outside the peptide\u2010binding site, they may not be recognized by alloreactive T\u2010cells. However, because of strong linkage disequilibrium (LD), the <jats:italic>DRB1*14:01 vs DRB1*14:54<\/jats:italic> and the <jats:italic>B*44:02 vs B*44:27<\/jats:italic> mismatches are associated to DRB3\u2010, and C\u2010mismatches, respectively. These results are informative for algorithms searching unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors. For <jats:italic>B*44:27<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive patients, searches are expected to be more successful when requesting donors from Southeastern\u2010European ancestry. Furthermore, the introduction of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)\u2010typing strategies that allow resolving exon 4 (for class I) and exon 3 (for class II) polymorphisms can be expected to contribute significantly to population genetics studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.12422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,11]],"date-time":"2014-09-11T06:53:38Z","timestamp":1410418418000},"page":"459-464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Resolution of <i><scp>HLA<\/scp>\u2010B*44:02:<scp>01G<\/scp><\/i>, \u2010<i><scp>DRB1<\/scp>*14:01:<scp>01G<\/scp><\/i> and \u2010<i><scp>DQB1<\/scp>*03:01:<scp>01G<\/scp><\/i> reveals a high allelic variability among 12 European populations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Vidan\u2010Jeras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tissue Typing Center Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Buhler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Anthropology Unit and Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (IGE3) University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Dubois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Etablissement Fran\u00e7ais du Sang (EFS) Rh\u00f4ne\u2010Alpes Laboratoire HLA  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Grubic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tissue Typing Centre University Hospital Centre Zagreb  Zagreb Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology University Hospital Alexandrovska  Sofia Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Jaatinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Red Cross Blood Service Clinical Laboratory  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Ligeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Histocompatibilidad do Sul Instituto Portugu\u00eas de Sangue e Transplanta\u00e7\u00e2o  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.\u2010L.","family":"Lokki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Papasteriades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility Evangelismos Hospital  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Poli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organ and Tissue Transplantation Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Spyropoulou\u2010Vlachou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Tissue Typing Laboratory General University Hospital of Athens Alexandra  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Tordai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungarian National Blood Transfusion Center Transplantation Immunogenetics Laboratory  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.K.","family":"Viken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Wenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Blood Group Serology Medical University Vienna  Wien Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Anthropology Unit and Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (IGE3) University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sanchez\u2010Mazas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Anthropology Unit and Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (IGE3) University of Geneva  Geneva 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