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In a landmark study published almost 50 years ago, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) was the first disease to be associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> variation. It is now clear that Epstein\u2010Barr virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010positive and \u2010negative HL are strongly associated with specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> polymorphisms but these differ by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content> status of the tumours. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> class I alleles are consistently associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive HL while a polymorphism in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> class <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> is the strongest predictor of risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative HL. Recent investigations, particularly genome\u2010wide association studies (GWAS), have also revealed associations between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> and common types of non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Follicular lymphoma is strongly associated with two distinct haplotypes in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> class <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> whereas diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphoma is most strongly associated with <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B*08<\/jats:italic>. Although chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is associated with variation in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> class <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>, the strongest signals in GWAS are from non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> polymorphisms, suggesting that inherited susceptibility is explained by co\u2010inheritance of multiple low risk variants. Associations between B\u2010cell derived lymphoma and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> variation suggest that antigen presentation, or lack of, plays an important role in disease pathogenesis but the precise mechanisms have yet to be elucidated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.12604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,20]],"date-time":"2015-07-20T06:18:01Z","timestamp":1437373081000},"page":"98-113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Human leukocyte antigens and genetic susceptibility to lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"K. A.","family":"McAulay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC \u2013 University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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