{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T20:53:55Z","timestamp":1760820835432},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,24]],"date-time":"2016-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 AI7892"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 AI7892"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HLA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A, \u2010B and \u2010C alleles of 285 individuals, representing three Iranian Lur populations and one Iranian Kurd population were sequenced completely, yielding human leukocyte antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>) class I genotypes at high resolution and filling four fields of the official <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> nomenclature. Each population has 87\u201399 alleles, evenly distributed between the three <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> class I genes, 145 alleles being identified in total. These alleles were already known, named and deposited in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> database. The alleles form 316 different <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> A\u2010B\u2010C haplotypes, with each population having between 80 and 112 haplotypes. The four Iranian populations form a related group that is distinguished from other populations, including other Iranians. All four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KIR<\/jats:styled-content> ligands\u00a0\u2013\u00a0the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A3<\/jats:styled-content>\/11, Bw4, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C1<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C2<\/jats:styled-content> epitopes\u00a0\u2013\u00a0are well represented, particularly Bw4, which is carried by three high\u2010frequency allotypes: <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A*24:02<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A*32:01<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B*51:01<\/jats:italic>. In the Lur and Kurd populations, between 82% and 94% of individuals have the Bw4 epitope, the ligand for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KIR3DL1<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B*51:01<\/jats:italic> is likely of Neandertal origin and associated with Behcet's disease, also known as the Silk Road disease. The Lordegan Lur have the highest frequency of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B*51:01<\/jats:italic> in the world. This allele is present on 46 Lur and Kurd haplotypes. Present at lower frequency is <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B*51:08<\/jats:italic>, which is also associated with Behcet's disease. In the four Iranian populations, 31 haplotypes encode both Bw4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A and Bw4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010B, a dual combination of Bw4 epitopes that is relatively rare in other populations, worldwide. This study both demonstrates and emphasizes the value of studying <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> class I polymorphism at highest resolution in anthropologically well\u2010defined populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.12852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,25]],"date-time":"2016-08-25T04:43:34Z","timestamp":1472100214000},"page":"87-99","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["<scp>HLA<\/scp> class I variation in Iranian Lur and Kurd populations: high haplotype and allotype diversity with an abundance of <scp>KIR<\/scp> ligands"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Ashouri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Structural Biology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA USA"},{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Namazi Hospital Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. 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