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On\u2010target ADRs comprise the majority (&gt;80%) of ADRs, relate to the drug's interaction with its known pharmacological target and are a result of a complex interplay of genetic and ecologic factors. In contrast, off\u2010target ADRs, including immune\u2010mediated ADRs (IM\u2010ADRs), are due to unintended pharmacological interactions such as inadvertent ligation of host cell receptors or non\u2010pharmacological interactions mediated through an adaptive immune response. IM\u2010ADRs can be classified according to the primary immune cell involved and include B\u2010cell\u2010mediated (Gell\u2010Coombs type I\u2010III reactions) and T\u2010cell\u2010mediated (Gell\u2010Coombs type IV or delayed hypersensitivity) reactions. IM\u2010ADRs mediated by T cells are associated with phenotypically distinct clinical diagnoses and can vary from a mild delayed rash to a life\u2010threatening cutaneous, systemic or organ disease, such as Stephen Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms and drug\u2010induced liver disease. T\u2010cell\u2010mediated ADRs are strongly linked to the carriage of particular HLA risk alleles which are in the case of abacavir hypersensitivity and\n                    <jats:italic>HLA\u2010B*57:01<\/jats:italic>\n                    has led to translation into the clinic as a routine screening test. In this review, we will discuss the immunogenetics and pathogenesis of IM\u2010ADRs and how HLA associations inform both pre\u2010drug screening strategies and mechanistic understanding.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.13183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,24]],"date-time":"2017-11-24T09:06:40Z","timestamp":1511514400000},"page":"3-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["HLAs: Key regulators of T\u2010cell\u2010mediated drug hypersensitivity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"A. J.","family":"Redwood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Immunology &amp; Infectious Diseases Murdoch University  Murdoch Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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