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After reporting a brief description regarding the role of the cells of innate and adaptive immune system against parasites, we reviewed the major features of the HLA\u2010G gene and molecule and the role of HLA\u2010G on the major cells of immune system. Increased levels of soluble HLA\u2010G (sHLA\u2010G) have been observed in patients presenting toxoplasmosis and in the active phase of echinococcosis. In addition, increased sHLA\u2010G has also been associated with increased susceptibility to malaria and increased susceptibility to develop human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). In contrast, decreased membrane\u2010bound HLA\u2010G has been reported in placenta of patients infected with<jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>and in heart and colon of patients presenting Chagas disease. The 3\u2032 untranslated region of the<jats:italic>HLA\u2010G<\/jats:italic>gene has been the main focus of studies on malaria, HAT and Chagas disease, exhibiting distinct patterns of associations. Considering that HLA\u2010G is an immune checkpoint molecule, inhibiting the activity of several cells of the immune system, the excessive neoexpression and the increased sHLA\u2010G levels together with the decreased constitutive tissue expression of membrane\u2010bound HLA\u2010G may be detrimental to the host infected with parasite agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.13196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,25]],"date-time":"2018-01-25T05:22:50Z","timestamp":1516857770000},"page":"255-270","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The role of HLA\u2010G in parasitic diseases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Sabbagh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 216 MERIT, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie de Paris Universit\u00e9 Paris Descartes Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Sonon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Sadissou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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