{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T07:51:44Z","timestamp":1776930704024,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012558","name":"Sk\u00e5ne County Council's Research and Development Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012558","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011077","name":"Sk\u00e5nes universitetssjukhus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011077","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HLA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) share common genetic loci, mainly within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II complex. Extended genotyping of HLA class II alleles and their potential risk for developing both diseases remains to be studied. The present study compared extended HLA\u2010class II gene polymorphisms in children with T1D, CD, and a subgroup diagnosed with both diseases (T1D w\/CD).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Next\u2010generation targeted sequencing (NGTS) of HLA\u2010DRB3, DRB4, DRB5, DRB1, DQA1, DQB1, DPA1, and DPB1 alleles from DNA collected from 68 T1D, 219 CD, and seven T1D w\/CD patients were compared with 636 HLA\u2010genotyped Swedish children from the general population selected as controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In comparison to controls, the <jats:italic>DRB4*01:03:01<\/jats:italic> allele occurred more frequently in T1D w\/CD (odds ratio (OR)\u2009=\u20097.84; 95% confidence interval (95% CI)\u2009=\u2009(2.24, 34.5), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0002) and T1D (OR\u2009=\u20093.86; 95% CI, (2.69, 5.55), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.07\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u221214<\/jats:sup>), respectively. The <jats:italic>DRB3*01:01:02<\/jats:italic> allele occurred more frequently in CD as compared to controls (OR\u2009=\u20097.87; 95% CI, (6.17, 10.03), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094.24\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u221271<\/jats:sup>), but less frequently in T1D (OR\u2009=\u20092.59; 95% CI, (1.76, 3.81), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097.29\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u221207<\/jats:sup>) and T1D w\/CD (OR\u2009=\u20090.87; 95% CI, (0.09, 3.96), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.999). The frequency of the <jats:italic>DRB4*01:03:01\u2010DRB1*04:01:01\u2010DQA1*03:01:01\u2010DQB1*03:02:01<\/jats:italic> (DR4\u2010DQ8) haplotype was higher in T1D w\/CD (OR\u2009=\u200912.88; 95% CI (4.35, 38.14) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093.75\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22129<\/jats:sup>), and moderately higher in T1D (OR\u2009=\u20092.13; 95% CI (1.18, 3.83) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01) compared with controls, but comparable in CD (OR\u2009=\u20091.45; 95% CI (0.94, 2.21), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.08) and controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Children with T1D and CD are associated with <jats:italic>DRB4*01:03:01, DRB3*01:01:02<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>DRB3*02:02:01<\/jats:italic> of which <jats:italic>DRB4*01:03:01<\/jats:italic> confers the strongest risk allele for developing T1D w\/CD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.14105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T06:40:04Z","timestamp":1602484804000},"page":"44-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["High\u2010resolution genotyping indicates that children with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease share three <scp>HLA<\/scp> class <scp>II<\/scp> loci in <scp>DRB3<\/scp>, <scp>DRB4<\/scp> and <scp>DRB5<\/scp> genes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0536-3535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shehab","family":"Alshiekh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University\/CRC Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital SUS  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicine King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marlena","family":"Maziarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University\/CRC Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital SUS  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Geraghty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helena E.","family":"Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University\/CRC Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital SUS  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1435-1234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Agardh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund 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