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In this study, the function of SNPs at HLA\u2010E rs76971248 and rs1264457 on the myeloid leukemia cells was analyzed by a progressive procedure, included genotyping, mRNA transcription, regulatory element, protein expression, and anti\u2010tumor effect. The frequencies of rs76971248 G and rs1264457 G were found higher in myeloid leukemia patients than those in healthy blood donors (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). For myeloid leukemia, rs76971248 T was protective, while rs1264457 G was susceptible. We also found that rs76971248 affected HLA\u2010E mRNA transcription and membrane HLA\u2010E (mHLA\u2010E) expression in K562 cells through differently binding to transcription factor HOXA5 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), while rs1264457 affected mHLA\u2010E expression by changing mRNA transcription and an encoding amino acid (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). In contrast, the expression of soluble HLA\u2010E (sHLA\u2010E) was not influenced by both rs1264457 and rs76971248. The higher HLA\u2010E expression was detected among myeloid leukemia patients, and the K562 cells with higher HLA\u2010E molecules played a significant inhibitory effect on the killing activity of NK\u201092MI cells (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In conclusion, the higher HLA\u2010E expression of myeloid leukemia cells is promoted by rs76971248 G and rs1264457 G, which helps escape from NK\u201092MI cells' killing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.15440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T07:06:37Z","timestamp":1712905597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association of <scp>HLA\u2010E<\/scp> single nucleotide polymorphisms with human myeloid leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0261-5300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liyan","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Institution of Transfusion Medicine Shenzhen Blood Center  Shenzhen 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