{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T04:31:34Z","timestamp":1783571494931,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HLA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is related to acute rejection and graft loss after kidney transplantation, though the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Some CMV strains produce a peptide that is identical to a peptide sequence found in the leader peptide of specific HLA\u2010A and \u2010C alleles. In this retrospective study of 351 kidney transplantations, we explored whether CMV\u2010seropositive recipients without the VMAPRTLIL, VMAPRTLLL or VMAPRTLVL HLA class I leader peptide receiving a transplant from a donor with this peptide, faced an increased risk of T\u2010cell\u2010mediated rejection (TCMR) in the first 90\u2009days after transplantation. An independent case\u2013control cohort was used for validation (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009122). The combination of recipient CMV seropositivity with the VMAPRTLIL peptide mismatch was associated with TCMR with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.06 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) in a multivariable analysis. Similarly, the VMAPRTLLL peptide mismatch was associated with TCMR revealing a HR of 2.61 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008). Transplantations featuring either a VMAPRTLIL or a VMAPRTLLL peptide mismatch had a significantly higher cumulative TCMR incidence (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), with the primary impact observed in the first 2\u2009weeks post\u2010transplantation. The findings could be validated in an independent cohort. Together, our data strongly suggest that CMV\u2010positive recipients without an HLA peptide identical to a CMV peptide yet transplanted with a donor who does possess this peptide, have a significantly increased risk of early TCMR. Considering the prevention of such an leader peptide mismatch in these patients or adjusting immunosuppression protocols accordingly may hold promise in reducing the incidence of early TCMR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.15719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T12:10:48Z","timestamp":1729599048000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Peptide Sharing Between <scp>CMV<\/scp> and Mismatched <scp>HLA<\/scp> Class I Peptides Promotes Early T\u2010Cell\u2010Mediated Rejection After Kidney Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9656-8076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma\u00a0T.\u00a0M.","family":"Peereboom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8388-6403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato","family":"de Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunogenetics Institute \u2010 IGEN, Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Fundo de Incentivo \u00e0 Pesquisa (AFIP)  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1689-8383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten","family":"Geneugelijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasvir","family":"Jairam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frans\u00a0M.","family":"Verduyn\u00a0Lunel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna\u00a0J.","family":"Blok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Medina\u2010Pestana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Division Hospital Do Rim, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo 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