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This approach achieved notable success, resulting in (malignant) B\u2010cell depletion and inducing clinical remission in cancer patients. The scope of CAR T\u2010cell therapy has since expanded to various other applications. Recently, CD19\u2010directed CAR T cells have shown promising results in treating B\u2010cell\u2010mediated autoimmune diseases, with patients experiencing long\u2010lasting symptom cessation. Despite these advancements, the unselective targeting of both pathogenic and protective B cells calls for precise immunotherapies capable of selectively removing pathogenic B cells. Therefore, antigen\u2010specific CARs were designed to specifically interact with and deplete subpopulations of target cells expressing the target antigens. Subsequently, modified CARs were introduced by incorporating autoantigens into the sequence, which allowed antigen\u2010specific B cells to bind to CAR T cells. Additionally, antigen\u2010specific CAR T cells have been exploited to treat viral infections. Moreover, CAR technology was expanded to regulatory T cells (Tregs), where CARs can be adopted to induce a tolerogenic environment in target tissues, offering new possibilities in autoimmune diseases, as well as prevention of graft\u2010versus\u2010host disease in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and transplant rejection in the setting of solid organ transplantation. Although CAR T cells and CAR Tregs are promising and broadly explored, safety issues must be addressed and possible solutions thoroughly investigated. This review outlines the broad potential of CAR\u2010based therapies in autoimmunity, virology and transplantation while addressing the need for solutions to current safety issues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.70550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T04:14:41Z","timestamp":1768018481000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Chimeric Antigen Receptor T\u2010Cell Therapy: More Than an Anti\u2010Cancer Drug"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7561-1353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah C. 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