{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T11:07:36Z","timestamp":1779361656813,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82470239"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470239"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HLA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a critical treatment for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), yet the risk of treatment failure still persists. Chimerism analysis serves as a potential tool for predicting disease recurrence and survival rates, but its specific role has not yet been clearly defined. This study aimed to explore the role of decreased T\u2010cell and bone marrow (BM) chimerism in predicting post\u2010transplant relapse and survival in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The study subjects were 305 AML and ALL patients who underwent allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from January 1, 2018, to September 1, 2023. We monitored the chimerism rate at monthly intervals after transplantation until either patient relapse or the end of follow\u2010up. T\u2010cell and BM chimerism were tested at the same time points. Relapse probabilities were estimated by the Kaplan\u2013Meier method and compared with the log\u2010rank test. Gehan\u2010Breslow\u2010Wilcoxon test was used to assess the impact of T\u2010cell and BM chimerism levels on survival probabilities. In AML patients, our analysis revealed no significant correlation between the presence of initial mixed chimerism (at Day +30 post\u2010transplantation) and the relapse rate. Among patients with ALL, the number with initial mixed chimerism was insufficient for statistical analysis. In AML patients whose bone marrow chimerism rate decreased first (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200913) had a higher relapse rate and a lower survival rate than those whose T\u2010cell chimerism rate decreased first (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911) (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). In patients with ALL, there was no significant difference in the relapse or survival rates between patients whose bone marrow chimerism rate decreased first (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200912) and those whose T\u2010cell chimerism rate decreased first (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200915) (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). While a decrease in bone marrow chimerism effectively predicts AML relapse, T\u2010cell chimerism demonstrates lower predictive efficacy. Further research is necessary to identify reliable predictors for relapse in ALL patients. The integration of chimerism analysis with other prognostic indicators, along with early monitoring and preemptive intervention, may enhance patient survival and quality of life.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.70588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T04:50:52Z","timestamp":1770267052000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparative Analysis of T\u2010Cell and Bone Marrow Chimerism for Relapse Prediction in Acute Leukaemia Post\u2010Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Chunfeng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"},{"name":"The Second Clinical College of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6728-0856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongyuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanwen","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Dongxihu District People's Hospital  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaofan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychietry Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6838-3955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fankai","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6435-9368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yicheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Wuhan Hubei China"},{"name":"Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"},{"name":"Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and 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