{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T10:04:30Z","timestamp":1793873070356,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005677","name":"Jos\u00e9 Carreras Leuk\u00e4mie-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DJCLS 17R\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DJCLS 17R\/2023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004426","name":"Dr. Werner Jackst\u00e4dt-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004426","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HLA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) with HLA\u2010mismatched unrelated donors (MMUD) offers access to curative therapy for patients lacking well\u2010matched donors. Accumulating evidence suggests that functional matching among allele\u2010mismatched pairs can significantly influence patient outcomes. Therefore, real\u2010world data on mismatch frequencies in MMUD\u2010HCT could provide fundamental information for the assessment of patient risks and donor selection strategies. Here, we analysed HLA matching in 28,376 first unrelated transplants reported to the EBMT Registry with available 6\u2010locus high\u2010resolution typing. Mismatches at each locus were quantified and characterised at the allelic, antigenic and functional (antigen\u2010recognition domain, peptide\u2010binding motif) levels. 25% of the transplants were performed across one (9\/10;\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096053) or more (&lt;\u20099\/10;\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091013) high\u2010resolution mismatches at the five main HLA loci, a proportion that was markedly higher (43.9%) among transplants performed with post\u2010transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy). Median time from diagnosis to transplant was longer for MMUD compared to 10\/10 transplants, but this difference decreased over time (14.9 vs. 11.3\u2009months pre\u20102011,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.003; 8.1 vs. 7.4\u2009months 2021\u20132022,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.016). Across transplant eras, single class I mismatches were three times more common than class II mismatches. Conversely, matching for HLA\u2010DPB1 increased from 15% pre\u20102011 to 31% in 2021\u20132022. The landscapes of allelic mismatches differed markedly between HLA loci. For class II, skewed distributions dominated by frequent combinations result in significantly higher frequencies of functional matching compared to class I in both PTCy and non\u2010PTCy pairs. Our study constitutes the first large\u2010scale characterisation of real\u2010world HLA mismatch frequencies in contemporary unrelated HCT, bearing implications for future clinical outcome studies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.70637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T15:08:12Z","timestamp":1773241692000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Landscapes of\n                    <scp>HLA<\/scp>\n                    Mismatching in Contemporary Unrelated Haematopoietic Cell Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3696-5803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esteban","family":"Arrieta\u2010Bola\u00f1os","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Cellular Therapy University Hospital Essen  Essen Germany"},{"name":"German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen\/D\u00fcsseldorf  Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7542-4498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edouard F.","family":"Bonneville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Data Sciences LUMC  Leiden the Netherlands"},{"name":"EBMT Leiden Study Unit  Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9668-5013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro","family":"Crivello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Cellular Therapy University Hospital Essen  Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Gedde\u2010Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9gis","family":"Peffault de Latour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint\u2010Louis Hospital BMT Unit  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urpu","family":"Salmenniemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUCH Comprehensive Cancer Center  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolaus","family":"Kr\u00f6ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Hamburg  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Yakoub\u2010Agha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Lille Univ Lille, INSERM U1286  Lille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8818-1744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Zecca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Matteo Pavia Transplant Programme Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goda","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Crawley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Tholouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Royal Infirmary  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Dubois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histocompatibility Laboratory EFS Lyon  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1142-3792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juha","family":"Per\u00e4saari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Services, Histocompatibility Testing Finnish Red Cross Blood Service  Vantaa Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lotte","family":"Wieten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Immunology Maastricht University Medical Center  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2855-4120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven G. E.","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Cancer Institute  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2612-0724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mats","family":"Bengtsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorinde D.","family":"Hoogenboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EBMT Leiden Study Unit  Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Kuball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florent","family":"Malard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Centre de Recherche Saint\u2010Antoine (CRSA) INSERM UMRs938, Service d'H\u00e9matologie Clinique et Th\u00e9rapie Cellulaire, H\u00f4pital Saint\u2010Antoine AP\u2010HP  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Ruggeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Fleischhauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Cellular Therapy University Hospital Essen  Essen Germany"},{"name":"German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen\/D\u00fcsseldorf  Essen 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